Best Places to Sell Used Textbooks Online

Best Places to Sell Used Textbooks Online Selling Used Textbooks Reading material are over the top expensive. With most books costing $100 or all the more every, its not unbelievable for understudies to spend well over $1,000 on course readings during their scholarly profession. Furthermore, once youre finished with a course reading, what do you do with it? A few schools offer a buyback program that will take your reading material back and give you money consequently. Shockingly, they once in a while pay as much as possible, which implies you may assume a significant misfortune. A subsequent choice is to sell your pre-owned reading material on the web. This last alternative may very well put a couple of more dollars once more into your pocket. Get tips on the best way to sell utilized course readings for money. Where to Sell Used Textbooks There are various spots to sell utilized course readings on the web. Some of them permit you to sell legitimately to purchasers, and others sell the books for you so you can place a huge aggregate of cash in your pocket without doing a ton of work.â Prior to selling any of your pre-owned reading material, you should set aside some effort to think about the various costs you will get from the different outlets that sell books. Obviously, you dont need to escape with the correlation in the event that you dont have a great deal of time to burn. There are huge amounts of destinations that purchase utilized course readings; you could go through hours contrasting costs on only one book. Youre happier creation a rundown of alternatives and checking those locales in particular. Some of the best places to sell use course readings include: Amazon - You can sell your course books on Amazon when you pursue a free account.BetterWorldBooks - You can sell or give your books to this site. BetterWorld pays the shipping.BIGWORDS - Get up to 75 percent of your cash back when you use BIGWORDs buyback correlation tool.Blue Rectangle - This webpage pays the delivery when you offer your pre-owned course readings to them.Book Scouter - Use this website to discover the site that will purchase your pre-owned course books for the most noteworthy price.BookByte - You can get moment statements and free transportation when you sell utilized reading material on BookByte.BooksIntoCash - This since quite a while ago settled website offers quick installment and free delivery to understudies who need to dispose of old textbooks.BooksValue.com - This website purchases utilized course readings from the two understudies and faculty.Cash 4 Books - You can get installment inside three business days when you offer utilized course books to this websi te.CKY Books - CKY will send you installment inside 24 to 48 hours of getting your utilized textbooks.CollegeSmarts - You can sell and exchange your pre-owned reading material on CollegeSmarts. Craigslist - Craigslist is an extraordinary spot to sell anythingtextbooks are no exception.eBay - On eBay, you can set a hold and get the value you requirement for your utilized textbooks.eCampus - This site offers incredible buyback costs and free UPS shipping.eTextShop.com - This site ensures the most cash for your pre-owned course books. Different advantages incorporate free transportation and quick payment.Half.com - This eBay site is an incredible spot to sell utilized textbooks.Kijiji - This classifieds site is a decent spot to sell utilized reading material and other school supplies.MoneyForBooks.com - Get free delivery marks, quick installment, and different advantages from this site.SellBackBooks - This site offers moment statements and quick installment with direct deposits.Textbook Buyer - You can sell utilized course readings, manuals and other examination materials through Textbook Buyer.TextbookX.com - This site pays 200 percent more than book shops that purchase textb ooks.Valore Books - Valore is known for having probably the most noteworthy buyback costs.

A Speech to Be Delivered to the Parents Teachers Association the Causes of Student Unrest and Suggest How It Can Be Prevented

Arrangement of Blood contains a nonliving liquid lattice (plasma) in which living cells (framed components) are suspended. Blood contains 55% plasma and 45% shaped components. Plasma is over 90% water. It additionally contains electrolytes (salts), plasma proteins, and substances shipped by blood (I. e. supplements, hormones, and so on ). The three kinds of framed components are erythrocytes (RBCs), leukocytes (WBCs), and platelets FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD functionsâ of theâ bloodâ are: o transportâ oxygenâ away from the lungs and around the body; and CO2 from the body cells to the lungs. to transportâ nutrientsâ such as glucose and amino acids from the stomach related framework to the cells in our bodies. to takeâ waste productsâ such as lactic corrosive away from the muscles when it's created by anaerobic breath; and urea from the liver to the kidneys and bladder. By keeping up a decent flow, the bloodflow keeps your center bodyâ temperature BLOOD DISEASES lood disease,â a ny malady of theâ blood, including the red platelets erythrocytes, white platelets leukocytes, orâ plateletsâ (thrombocytes) or the tissues wherein these components are formedâ€theâ bone marrow,â lymph hubs, andâ spleen or ofâ bleeding and blood thickening. Some time before the nature and structure of blood were known, an assortment of side effects were credited to disarranged blood. Red platelets were not perceived until the seventeenth century, and it was an additional 100 years before one of the kinds of white platelets, theâ lymphocyte, and the thickening of blood (coagulation) were described.In the nineteenth century different types of leukocytes were found, and various sicknesses of the blood and blood-shaping organs were recognized. Morphological changesâ€the changes in structure and structureâ€that occur in the blood during infection and the signs and manifestations of the different blood illnesses were depicted in the nineteenth century and the principal qu arter of the twentieth century. In the years that followed, a progressively physiological methodology started to create, worried about the components hidden the improvement of blood sickness and with the manners by which irregularities may be amended.

Marketing, Chimichangas and the Internet free essay sample

An astonishing nonexistent chimichanga is made by a conventional nearby Mexican-American business, â€Å"El Burrito Crazy.† This fanciful situation happens during the pre-web advertising period and the nonexistent business is effectively devoting the vast majority of its showcasing financial plan towards outbound promoting, all things considered in truth working successfully. The chimichanga is accepted the best by the enormous measures of clients that have tasted it, clients are pouring in and the business is creating decent pay. â€Å"The best chimichanga American taste buds have ever tasted period.† the TV advisement declares as a huge number of Americans race to El Burrito Crazy after a hard day’s work to get their delectable chimichangas. The radio spots during top occasions are effectively pulling in clients, just as the print promotions in magazines, papers and the incidental flyers. Everything is working out as expected. Quick forward thirty years to 2012 , everything isn't working out as expected. Their earlier fruitful business model keeps on being run, with refreshed VIP models joined by new slogans, obviously. With an end goal to revive their earlier accomplishment through promoting, the organization employs a free think-tank. During one of the examination company’s preliminary runs with El Burrito Crazy’s new ad, the tried client being starts to watch the refreshed 2012 business. The slogan starts to be perused the celebrity’s mouth â€Å"America’s most loved chimichan†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The business gets hindered by a fretful, exhausted, channel surfing, telephone checking advanced American. The preliminaries definitely come up short. El Burrito Crazy is panting for a fruitful advertising procedure and under the direction of an innovative and experienced promoting chief the organization starts to understand that current inbound showcasing openings are not being executed. Familiar with the pre-web advertising methodology the organization is as yet allotting most of their promoting spending plan to outbound showcasing, while still a fruitful procedure, inbound promoting combined with internet based life could be a reasonable choice for El Burrito Crazy. Obviously, Facebook in 2012 is prospering as a publicizing medium; Twitter is effectively giving an immediate relationship clients and 88% of web clients talk with web crawlers while perusing for items. As the showcasing display has changed with the presentation of the web El Burrito Crazy’s effective promoting procedure could truly be only a tick away. During a time where the once tremendously fruitful TV, radio and print advertisings are getting both progres sively ineffectual and costly; the introduction of the web showcasing age shows up to the salvage for organizations. The effect of web promoting in the business world was additionally powered by a vital factor, the cell phone wonders. When web promoting was combined with the cell phones, for example, cell phones, the business world was totally reformed in the feeling of openness. Showcasing improved for both private ventures just as enormous companies as a result of the presentation of cell phones. While the facts demonstrate that cell phones changed the methods by which customers’ got to their data and dealt with their day by day choices, web showcasing adjusted the information purchasers got to just as brought down the general expense of promoting which thusly permitted organizations of all sizes the measure of presentation required. In the period of conventional promoting, for example, when the fanciful business El Burrito Crazy started, organizations had to allot a generous measure of their showcasing financial plan towards customary types of promoting that incorporate TV, radio and maga zine notices. In the current age, organizations profit by present day advertising procedures, for example, twitter, Facebook, Yelp and LivingSocial. Informal communities and business revelation applications offer organizations the chance to acquire expanded presentation and range while being non-intrusive towards the client. Since the client at first counsels the Yelp or LivingSocial application on their cell phone by decision, they are as of now looking for a business to fulfill their requirements. This sorts portable applications as inbound promoting just as being non-obtrusive. A prime case of an organization that utilizes web showcasing furthering their potential benefit would be Crest Hill Illinois’ Aunt Nina’s Sweets ‘n’ Treats. This little partnership uses disclosure applications, for example, LivingSocial and twitter to help pull in clients scanning for preparing, sweets and scene arrangements. When the client has been acquainted with the organization and has bought their items or utilized their administrations, Aunt Nina’s Sweets ‘N† treats utilizes Yelp to get positive audit s. The straightforward demonstration of getting a positive survey from a client builds brand picture. The way that a page made in a specific nation can be gotten to from anyplace on the planet profited International companies like El Burrito Crazy. When secured to territorial ads because of money related limitations, organizations can now inventively make promoting efforts that will create overall enthusiasm for a brand. The upgrades and favorable circumstances that were introduced by the unrest of web promoting and the cell phone marvels point to consumers’ lives being always prepared. This shows web promoting, and advertising when all is said in done, should consistently smooth out itself with changing innovations and market slants so as to make effective showcasing efforts. As per present day web showcasing, El Burrito Crazy’s effective rebound crusade will be in the company’s capacity to utilize ever-advancing innovation and its instruments to give strong and helpful data to their clients.

Composer- John Cage Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Arranger John Cage - Research Paper Example He dropped out from school in his subsequent year and cruised to Europe where he composed his first bits of music, disliking them, he deserted them on his arrival to America, in the wake of being in Europe for year and a half. Pen was guided by Schoenberg for nothing on the condition he â€Å"devoted his life to music†, which Cage promptly concurred, yet following two years he halted his exercises due to the way that he had no inclination for agreement. From that point forward, he started to explore different avenues regarding percussion instruments and step by step made the mood the premise of his music rather than agreement, organizing pieces as per the span of areas. He went to the Cornish School of Arts in Seattle, Washington in the late 1930’s where he got a new line of work as an accompanist for artists and was approached to compose music to join a move by Syvilla Fort called Bacchanale. He needed to compose a percussion piece however needed to compose for a piano on the grounds that there was no pit at the exhibition setting for a percussion ensemble.While taking a shot at the piece, Cage tested by putting a metal plate on the strings of the instrument. He enjoyed the delivered sound and in the long run he created the readied piano with screws, fasteners, portions of elastic and different articles put between the strings of the piano to change the instrument’s character. It might be that Cage was impacted by his old educator Henry Cowell who additionally treated the piano in a non-standard way. For instance, requesting that the entertainers play the strings with their fingers. Broadly observed to be his most noteworthy work for arranged piano are The Sonatas and Interludes of 1946-48. Pierre Boulez sorted out the European debut of the work and the two authors struck up a correspondence. Sadly, this correspondence halted with a difference over Cage’s utilization of chance in his music. While being at Cornish, Cage additionally established a percussion ensemble for which he composed his First Construction (In Metal) in 1939, a piece where noisy cadenced music is made by metal percussion instruments, and the Imaginary Landscape No. 1, which is the principal case of utilizing stereos as instruments. In later years, Cage composed various other Imaginary Landscape pieces. So as to present a component of chance over which he would have no control, Cage started to utilize the I Ching in the piece of his music. In the Music of Changes for solo piano in 1951, he utilized it to figure out which notes ought to be utilized and when they ought to be heard. He utilized possibility in Imaginary Landscape No. 4 (1951) too. This harmony was composed for twelve radio collectors. Each radio has two players-one that controls the recurrence and the other that controls the volume. â€Å"Cage composed exact directions in the score about how the entertainers should set their radios and change them after some time, yet he was un able to control the real stable coming out of them, which was reliant on whatever radio shows were playing at that specific spot and time of performance.†( http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Aleatoric_music) Cage’s companion and partner from Black Mountain school had created a progression of white compositions while working at the school. These artworks, clearly clear canvases, changed by fluctuating light conditions in the rooms in which they were hung, the shadows of individuals in

The Importance of the Ordeal in the Heros Journey

The Importance of the Ordeal in the Heros Journey The Ordeal is the crucial point in time in each story, a significant wellspring of enchantment in courageous legend, as per Christopher Vogler, writer of The Writers Journey: Mythic Structure. The legend remains in the most profound office of the deepest cavern and faces a head-to-head encounter with his biggest dread. Regardless of what the legend sought, it’s Death that presently gazes back at her. She is brought to the verge of death in a fight with an antagonistic power. The saint of each story is a start being acquainted with the secrets of life and demise, Vogler composes. She should seem to bite the dust so she can be reawakened, changed. The difficulty is a significant emergency in the story, yet its not the peak, which happens nearer to the end. The difficulty is typically the focal occasion, the headliner of the subsequent demonstration. An emergency, as indicated by Webster’s, is when unfriendly powers are in the tensest condition of restriction. The hero’s emergency, as startling as it seems to be, is the best way to triumph, as indicated by Vogler. Witnesses are a significant piece of the emergency. Somebody near the legend witnesses the hero’s clear passing and the peruser encounters it through their perspective. Witnesses feel the agony of death, and when they understand the legend despite everything lives, their despondency, just as the reader’s, unexpectedly, dangerously, goes to bliss, Vogler states. Perusers Love to See Heroes Cheat Death Vogler composes that in any story, the essayist is attempting to lift the peruser, raise their mindfulness, uplift their feelings. Great structure functions as a siphon on the reader’s feelings as the hero’s fortunes are raised and brought down. Feelings discouraged by the nearness of death can bounce back in a moment to a higher state than previously. Similarly as on a thrill ride, you’re heaved around until you figure you may bite the dust, Vogler composes, and you get off thrilled that you’ve endure. Each story needs a trace of this experience or it’s missing its heart. The emergency, a midpoint, is a partition in the hero’s venture: the highest point of the mountain, the core of the timberland, the profundity of the sea, the most mystery place in his spirit. Everything in the outing needs to pave the way to this point, and everything after is tied in with returning home. There might be more prominent undertakings to come, the most energizing even, yet every excursion has an inside, a base or a pinnacle some place close to the center. Nothing will ever be the equivalent after the emergency. The most well-known difficulty is a type of fight or showdown with the restricting power, which ordinarily speaks to the hero’s own shadow, as indicated by Vogler. Regardless of how outsider the villain’s values, here and there they are the dull impression of the hero’s own wants, amplified and misshaped, her biggest feelings of trepidation become animated. The unrecognized or dismissed parts are recognized and made cognizant regardless of every one of their battles to stay in dimness. Passing of the Ego The difficulty in fantasy means the passing of the sense of self. The legend has taken off above death and now observes the connectedness of all things. The saint has taken a chance with his life for the bigger group. The Wicked Witch is incensed that Dorothy and her companions have entered the deepest cavern. She undermines every one of them with death. She lights Scarecrow ablaze. We feel the ghastliness of his inevitable passing. Dorothy snatches a pail of water to spare him and winds up softening the witch. We watch her horrifying demise. After a snapshot of being staggered, everybody is connected, even the witch’s cronies. This article is a piece of our arrangement on the legends venture, beginning with The Heros Journey Introduction and The Archetypes of the Heros Journey.

The Effects of Cellphones on Society - Free Essay Example

Cellphones have had many positive effects on the world. They have made it possible to instantly communicate with someone thousands of miles away from you with the touch of a finger. They allow you to play games, post things on social media, listen to music, or even video chat with anyone you want. It can feel like you are in your own universe. Now these things may sound good, but I believe cellphones also have a huge negative effect on society. They cause individuals to isolate themselves from one another. Real one on one talking has in a sense died. Most time spent with friends and families is usually done while staring at a screen and essentially ignoring the people around you. In a brand new film called the,Mid90s the director, Jonah Hill, chooses that time period purely due to the lack of cellphones. Jonah Hill states At its core, its a movie about this group of friends at a time when its you and your friends versus the world. The reason why those close friendships were able to form, in my perspective, was because we didnt have phones. We were skating around and waiting for the bus or just talkingwe didnt have gadgets to break away from that connection. I think the simple way Jonah Hill put this is the best way to say it.   It is clear that in this day and age most peopl e are addicted to their phones and cannot picture themselves without them. I would say something negative about this fact, but I shouldnt judge as I too have found myself obsessing over my phone and getting frustrated if it doesnt work properly. While looking for research on this topic I found it easy to come across good sources to help answer my questions. I mainly used the Internet as my database as I found it much easier and more productive than going to the library and checking out books. One thing that I found extremely helpful was using Google Scholar. This is a search engine made by Google that shows links to only creditable sources and scholarly literature. I found out about this website while actually interviewing a friend of mine about his use of cellphones. He agreed with my thinking that many people are addicted to their phones and added in how they are also very distracting during class time. This made me go on to researching the effects of phones in the classroom, which Im sure most people could guess wasnt good when you compared certain peoples grades to the amount of time they spent on their phones. The interview I had with my friend I would call my primary source and the articles I found on Google Scholar I would call my secondary source. Cellular communication, whether it be verbal or digital has affected the population of adults and children worldwide. Cellphones are the main basis of communication, whether it be talking on the phone or scrolling through twitter. They allow entire groups to interact without actually being in the presence of one another. Smartphones offer many applications that offer a variety of tools. Mobile phones have had a positive impact on society and there are many advantages to having a cellphone, but as I said before there are certainly many negative effects as well. Cellphones have affected society for the better and for the worse. They are very useful and let you interact with the world but the constant interaction has its downside. Cellphone companies have found there way into the lives of virtually the entire population, and have addicted many. An increasing reliance on cell-phones among young adults and college students may signal the evolution of cell-phone use from a habit to an addiction. (254 Roberts, Yaya and Manolis) Everywhere from coffee shops to the waiting room at the doctors office, people are constantly on their phones. With new applications offering a wide range of use, todays cellphones make users more prone to addiction. Smartphone use has been changing daily routines, habits, . The constant checking and/or use of smartphone applications 24h a day has been linked to sleep disturbances, stress, anxiety, withdrawal and deterioration in well-being, decreased academic performance, and decreased physical activity.(321 Samaha and Hawl). The new emergence of Smartphones has secretly swept the population. A study from the Pew research center found that 46 percent of cellphone owners said their cellphon es were something they could not live without and that 15 percent of young adults were heavily dependent on their smartphone. (321 Samaha and Hawl) Smartphones are not only guilty for creating addiction, but also for creating distractions when people need to focus on set tasks. In recent years there has been a decline in the performance rates in the adolescent community. In a study conducted by Computers in Human Behavior, they found a strong correlation between frequent cellphone use and rates of inadequate physical fitness. CPUse was negatively related to an objective measure of physical fitness (VO2peak) among a sample of typical college students. In other words, high cell phone users were less physically fit than low cell phone users.(343 Lepp, Barkley and Kirpinski) The more a person uses their cellphone the more prone they were to be physically unfit. This is easily connectable as cellphones can cause prolonged periods of sedentary behavior.   When talking about cellphones and school, the effects are rather negative as well. High cellphone use is one of several attributes to a decline in academic rates. Cellphones take a toll on students once again. In a study of 451 college students, researchers monitored cellphone use and academic performance. The results were unsurprisingly negative. They also related excessive cellphone use to higher levels of stress. Compulsive smartphone usage is positively associated with technostress, which is stress caused by information and communication overload. ( 322 Samaha and Hawl) In other words, the more each student accessed their cellphones to communicate with the world, the more their stress levels boosted. Cellphone use could be too much for some people and they may not even know it. Problems with cellphones are not only associated with addiction and distraction, but also with inappropriate content. Smart phones open doors to young adolescents and let them experience almost anything they want. There is little regulation as to what adolescents say and do online. For example, cyber bullying is a prevalent issue among our society and has been steadily growing for a long time. According to the available literature, the prevalence of cyberbullying among adolescents who possess cell phones ranges from 5.9 to 24.6 percent. (Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience, Sanson and Sanson) Cellphones open the gates to unlimited communication between adolescents and these limited regulations are often taken advantage of. Cellphones cause stress for people from the constant checking and replying that it requires. As an empirical example, in a study of more than 100 individuals in the United Kingdom reported that cell phone technology was associated with increased personal stress. The emergence of stress was attributed to participants getting caught up in compulsively checking for new messages, alerts, and updates.(Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience, Sanson and Sanson) In a study conducted in upstate New York, researchers looked for total cellphone use and the relation with stress. The correlation was strong with higher cellphone use linked to higher rates of stress in work and family relationships. Cellphones take yet another toll in the category of mental health by having an effect on our sleep as well. In a Belgian study conducted by Van den Bulck, they found that members of the study who used their cellphones more than once a week were 5 times more likely to be in a tired/sluggish state. They found 35 percent of participants reporting such states throughout the day. Also in a Japanese study 94,777 young adult researchers linked cellphone use in later hours of the day to shorter sleep duration, poorer subjective sleep quality, insomnia, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Cellphone use effects sleep patterns of excessive users with overstimulation. Cellphones, whether talking about any number of these effects, should be considered when talking about the mental health and overall well being of the young adolescent community. To say that smartphones are taken advantage of would be an understatement. Cellphones affect the world in some positive ways, but a lot of negative ways. They are very useful tools that allow people to communicate, analyze and process data. When used in moderation, cellphones are very beneficial. It is when these devices become a part of daily life and become inseparable from the host, that they effect the population.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   While researching this topic I learned a lot about the negatives of cellphones that I never knew before. I of course was familiar with the benefits like most people in this generation are, but I was never fully aware of all the damage they can cause. Cellphones can greatly affect your mental and physical health. They can cause irrational sleep patterns and in a sense make a person lazier. Cellphones are addictive and bring people simple joy by liking and sharing things online, but having constant access to these devices distract us from the real world. When people have their phones with them they are less likely to get work done. They become distracted and focus less on their priorities like getting an education or going to the gym. Although these devices have many benefits we must learn to use them in moderation before its too late and we all get sucked into the digital world. Works cited Samaha, Maya, and Nazir S. Hawi. Relationships among Smartphone Addiction, Stress, Academic Performance, and Satisfaction with Life. Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 57, 2016, pp. 321–325., doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.12.045. Roberts, James, et al. The Invisible Addiction: Cell-Phone Activities and Addiction among Male and Female College Students. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, vol. 3, no. 4, 2014, pp. 254–265., doi:10.1556/jba.3.2014.015. Lepp, Andrew, et al. The Relationship Between Cell Phone Use and Academic Performance in a Sample of U.S. College Students. SAGE Open, vol. 5, no. 1, 2015, p. 215824401557316., doi:10.1177/2158244015573169. Lepp, Andrew, et al. The Relationship between Cell Phone Use, Academic Performance, Anxiety, and Satisfaction with Life in College Students. Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 31, 2014, pp. 343–350., doi:10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.049. Sansone, Randy A., and Lori A. Sansone. Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience, Matrix Medical Communications, Jan. 2013, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3579483/#B12.

A Study of Space in Small Island and The Lonely Londoners - Literature Essay Samples

As a human there are certain rights we believe we have. It is not uncommon for one group to believe themselves superior to another, or for each group to believe they have certain rights and the other group to disagree. This was the case when large numbers of non-Caucasian individuals migrated to England from the Caribbean believing that the mother country was going to welcome them and supply them with more opportunities than they had at home on the islands. Some of these individuals had even helped to fight with England in WWII and were now to the country they had fought for. Others who made the trip had family that had made the move to England before them and they were now coming to meet them, believing that the transition would be smooth and a place to call their own would be waiting for them since another had somewhat paved the way for their arrival. With all these new arrivals came anger and frustration among the prior residents of London. They felt threatened and thought that th is group was intruding on their space. In both Small Island by Andrea Levy and The Lonely Londoners by Sam Selvon characters struggle to find the place in London where they will fit in, and spaces in which they will be welcomed and accepted. In this paper I will examine the importance of having a space to belong to, regardless of the colour of one’s skin, and will argue that while England may not have been ready to have a place for everyone upon arrival, those who made an effort could make space for themselves. There was a clear power struggle in England between the whites who were already residing in London, and the newcomers who were making the voyage in search of better lives. This struggle is greatly represented in a quote by George Lamming, ‘†¦imagine waking up one morning and discovering a stranger asleep on the sofa of your living room? You wake this person up and ask them â€Å"what are you doing here?† and the person replies â€Å"I belong here† ‘. The white population, who had already been residing in England, felt that there was a whole group of uninvited people who were now showing up and intruding on their space. No one had bothered to ask they native Englishmen how they would feel about these strangers making a place for themselves in the city and therefore felt the strangers had no right to what had been theirs. Meanwhile, the non-white individuals who made the journey did not see themselves as strangers; this was the motherland. Rather, they sa w themselves as welcomed to make a place for themselves and begin their lives anew. They were so sure they belonged on this sofa, which is a metaphor for England. Each group believing something different lead to raised tensions among them. Some of the native Englishmen saw the need to state their control over the strangers and the land they had come to make their own, making it clear that they did not belong in London. The native Englishmen wished to keep their space the same as it had been prior to the war and the mass movement of those of other ethnicities while the new arrivals were trying to make a place for themselves to live the life they had come to England in search for. In the novel Small Island by Andrea Levy there are many examples to reinforce the idea behind Lamming’s quote. The idea is that some individuals arriving in the country believed that England had a space waiting for them and they would be accepted with open arms, to sofa was theirs to sleep on. This is the case with Hortense who travels from Jamaica to England after her husband had made the journey a couple of months before. Prior to her arrival, Hortense had an image of England in her mind which included a big house with a door bell and being greeted at the docks by her husband Gilbert. Upon disembarking the ship there was no sign of her husband welcoming her, and she soon realised life in England would not live up to her expectations After struggling to communicate with the taxi driver and upon finally finding the house, her place in England, the welcome she received was less than warm. When the door was opened to reveal Hortense standing there, Queenie the owner of the house , was ‘puzzled’ to see this women waiting outside with a large luggage. Queenie was the individual waking up to see a stranger, Hortense, sleeping on her sofa. Queenie was mystified at the women standing there with her luggage and stating that she belonged in the house. Once all the confusion was cleared up Queenie told Hortense, ‘I hope you are not bringing anything into the house that will smell’. Queenie was actually not trying to be rude though, she was welcoming Hortense into her house and helping her make her own place in London. But at the same time, she did not want to be inconvenienced in her own home by the smell of something from Hortense’s home. So even though Hortense was welcomed, and even belonged in this house, she should not expect to make it completely hers. There were regulations set in place by the white, native Englishwoman that Hortense was expected to obey. While a large amount of native Englishmen represented in Small Island were not welcoming of the country’s new residents, others individuals were open and ready to welcome them and help them find their place like Queenie. Queenie opened up her home to rent out rooms to anyone who needed them including those of colour. Her relationship of those with colour offered them a safe space while in her presence and in the privacy of her house. Just because Queenie was accepting of coloured individuals did not mean others would tolerate it. Just by allowing coloured individuals to take up space in her house strained Queenie’s relationship with her neighbours who did not want their neighbourhood diminished. An example the conflict of having a space in private but not in public was when Gilbert accompanied Queenie to the movies. When he attempted to sit down next to Queenie in the theatre, the usherette stopped him and told Gilbert that he would have to sit in the back due to the co lour of his skin. Gilbert was shocked at this example of segregation stating that, ‘This is England†¦This is not America†¦I will sit anywhere I please’ referring to the Jim Crow Laws in place in the States. Gilbert thought he knew England as a space with no segregation, especially after being welcomed by Queenie, a white Englishwoman. But the events at the cinema showed that segregation was very much alive in England. Even though Queenie had no issue with making a place for Gilbert in the seat next to her, the theatre had designated his place to be in the back, separated from the white crowd and the white GIs who were seated in the front. Gilbert was the individual stating that he belonged there, in the seat next to Queenie, while the rest of the cinema saw him as an intruder in their space. Not only were there no segregation laws in England, but Gilbert was also a GI who was fighting to help England in the war. None of this mattered in the eyes of native Brit s though who were not willing to share their space with Gilbert’s type. They saw themselves as the rightful residents and therefor had the right to say they did not want to sit near an individual of colour. Both groups, the whites and the coloured, were fighting to define and protect their place in England at this time. While the newcomers were attempting to make a place for themselves that was next to, and equal to, the white population, the white natives were trying to keep their space separate and send a message saying that the colours were only visitors in their space. This struggle between the two groups was its own type of war being fought. As previously stated, the biggest struggle over ‘place’ in Small Island was between those who had already been residing in England and those who had just arrived. Bernard, Queenie’s husband, had been someone who had already been residing in England and upon returning from war believed he knew what would be waiting for him back home. But when he returned to his house Bernard was in for quite a surprise. While he was gone Queenie had rented out rooms in the house to anyone in need of a place which included multiple residents of colour. When Bernard answered a knock at the door he was not prepared to come face to face with Gilbert who asked Bernard, ‘Who are you?’ to which Bernard replied, ‘ â€Å"Who are you?† is more the question’. This was Bernard’s house and being asked this by Guibert, a guest, made Bernard feel like the uninvited and unwanted stranger. This meant that Bernard now had to state his dominance over the house and make it clear that this place was his. However, Gilbert believed the house was his place in England since he had been living in it for months. Bernard was now the one intruding on a structure that had been built. The conflict came to a head when Bernard asked all the residents to leave the house. But the residents had made a place for themselves in the house, and felt that since Bernard had been absent for so long, he had no right to the place and no right to tell them to leave. Both Bernard and Gilbert believed they had a place of their own in the house, only to have that idea challenged upon meeting each other. It was once again a struggle between a white and a coloured. Who’s place was it really and how would they decide? There is no exact answer to this conflict. Both individuals did have a right to the space, but neither would have been satisfied with coming to that agreement, so they instead found themselves in a hostile, uncomfortable environment that was now their England. While all new arrivals in England struggled at some point to find their place in the large city some were able to adjust better than others, like the characters in The Lonely Londoners. The characters in this novel each fought hard for a place and a space in the big city to call their own, and their dedication to this proved triumphant in the end. James Procter points out that in the opening of the novel, the narrator is on his way to pick up a new arrival in London and is describing the fog covering the city as ‘alienating territory’. This can be seen as how the newcomer will at first be experiencing London, as since he is new to the city he will not yet feel at home or know his way around. And as this is just the beginning of the book, readers are also newcomers to this narrator’s London. Procter then points out that the way in which London is described shifts as we see the city not as a newcomer, but as the narrator Moses. Procter states that, ‘This shift between alienation and belonging is most clearly articulated through the naming of the landscape’. Since Moses is not a stranger to the city and knows exactly where he is going and what he is doing, his descriptions are more detailed then the first description of London, and include the specific bus he rides and exactly where he is headed. These details cement the idea that Moses is not a newcomer and has mastered London in some way. Moses has found his place and become a Londoner and now he is attempting to help others to do the same. Procter emphasises how important the naming of locations in the novel is as it really represents the boys’ settlement in the city. When telling the newcomer that they are heading to where Moses lives, Moses refers to it himself as the Water but informs the new arrival, ‘Bayswater to you until you living in the city for at least two years,’. The slang is reserved for those who have worked for it, those who have successfully made a place for themselves in the city and those who the city has accepted. It seems characters in Small Island had more trouble making a place for themselves in London than the characters in The Lonely Londoners. I feel this is because characters in Small Island did not fight as hard for their place in England and rather expected it to be there for them. An example of this is the character Hortense, instead of trying to make her own place she attempted to fit in. She thought that by making one change to herself she would be accepted by the city. Hortense thought that she would gain respect and more if she talked in her accent that had, ‘†¦taken [her] to the top of the class in Miss Stuart’s English pronunciation competition,’. She did not realise that a change in her dialect would do little towards acceptance by the native Enlgishmen if she could not change the colour of her skin. Unlike Hortense, characters like Tanty in The Lonely Londoners decided that rather than change their ways to fit in, they were going to fight to create th eir own unique spaces. One example of Tanty making her own place is when she introduces the use of credit to some of the shops in London. Tanty was unhappy when a shopkeeper in London did not accept credit as a way of payment like they would back home in the islands. Instead of adjusting her way of living and making a small change to fit in to the already set up structure, she worked to change her surrounding to suit her. Tanty did not give the shopkeeper much of a choice when she took control and told him to write down her name and amount she owed him and that she would be back on Friday to pay. After keeping her word and shocking the owner, the shopkeeper began accepting credit as a way to run his business with all his customers, entirely thanks to Tanty working to make herself comfortable. She made a space for herself because she did not have to change her ways, and at the same time she was accepted by the shopkeeper. Instead of trying to fit into the pre-set structure of London, Tanty acted in reasonable ways that demanded attention and admiration. She was respected and accepted by the city and those who knew her. She created a space for herself in London which was similar to her space back home and this made her feel comfortable, confident, and like she almost entirely belonged in London. Even though she made her change on the shops in London, some things were to big and structured to change in a way suit her. This did not stop her from creating her space within them. Tanty felt she could not truly belong to the city until she mastered all its ways of transportation. While she was first uncomfortable by both the tube and the bus system, she gave both a try and felt triumphant after her successful journeys. Instead of expecting the city to accommodate her, she made the effort to respect what was already in place. So while it took effort and she couldnt change the transport system to her liking, Tanty did not give up simply because it intimidated her or confused her. Instead, she accepted that using these forms of mass transportation was a part of being a Londoner, and she embraced them. Tanty fought to make her place in the city. Wether it was changing something to suit her, or changing herself for the city, she did not give up or accept defeat. She was determined to b e comfortable in London and create her space in the city and she was rewarded. One of the most important spaces for the characters in Lonely Londoners was a private space that Moses was unknowingly creating. It was his room, which he had originally created as a space for himself, but ended up being a space for the boys he had become acquainted with. While each boy individually made spaces for themselves throughout London, Moses’ room was a place they kept being drawn back to. Just like they each had originally been strangers to London, they were also originally strangers to each other. But through their time spent in London they worked to create a place for themselves in which they would feel comfortable and which they could call their own. Moses’ basement is one of those places. The basement becomes a small place in London for just them where they could talk about anything, especially of their times and experiences in London. Their settlement of London is especially represented in this room through the boys language and descriptions. As Procter m entions the way the boys refer to location around London truly represents their settlement in the city and here in this room the boys are using nicknames and shorthand terms to refer to a London which has accepted them and made a space for them to live. This being one of the final spaces and scenes mentioned in the book really exhibits the progress the boys each made since arriving in London. Each character was able to come a long way from Moses having to share his space when they were new in London, to them visiting his room as a meeting place, but being able to leave it and return to their own places and spaces in London. It was clear that London was not ready to have a place to those who didn’t work for it, regardless of the colour of their skin. In both Small Island by Andrea Levy and The Lonely Londoners by Sam Selvon the characters must work to gain a place in the city rather than just expect it to be given to them. And while London was not kind to them all, making it seem for some impossible to find a space for themselves, those who worked hard and did not settle were rewarded in being able to call London their city and to have a place especially for them within it. Bibliography Lamming, George, ‘The Coldest Spring in Fifty Years’, Kunapipi 20: 1 (1998). Levy, Andrea. Small Island (London: Headline Publishing Group, 2004), pp.14-16. Procter, James ‘Dwelling Places: Postwar Black British Writing’ (Manchester University Press, 2003), p. 53. Selvon, Sam. The Lonely Londoners (London: Penguin Books, 2006), p.16.

Why Do People Come America For Corn Dogs - 1332 Words

Why do people come to America? For Corn Dogs? The Statue of Liberty? To be deported? If you were to ask someone who immigrated to America why they came they would not respond with any of those answers. People come to America for a chance at the â€Å"American Dream†, but what exactly is the â€Å"American Dream†? The American Dream is the belief that everyone has an equal opportunity to achieve success through hard work and determination. Through this there would be little to no class system permanently fixing someone to a definite status meaning it would allow the status of the person to move up or down freely. So if a poor person were to work hard enough they could move up and be rich essentially letting them live better lives. This idea appeals to immigrants and encourages them to come here to America. Immigrants come here to live better lives than the ones they had lived before, but is the American Dream all it is cut out to be? Does it exist or is it just a dream? In the theme of â€Å"The Jungle† written by Upton Sinclair he shows that the American Dream does not only exist but exists only to certain people. He uses his book to show the corruptness within the belief of the American Dream. Sinclair uses the struggle of an immigrant family to show the struggle of the working class desperately fighting to get a piece of the American Dream. He uses the troubles of the family to show the audience that through the existence of Capitalism and the belief in social Darwinism they are inShow MoreRelatedWhy Do People Come America? For Corn Dogs?1332 Words   |  6 Pages Why do people come to America? For Corn Dogs? The Statue of Liberty? To be deported? If you were to ask someone who immigrated to America why they came, they would not respond with any of those answers. People come to America for a chance at the â€Å"American Dream†, but what exactly is the â€Å"American Dream†? The American Dream is the belief that everyone ha s an equal opportunity to achieve success through hard work and determination. Through this, there would be little to no class system permanentlyRead MoreBenefits Of Genetically Modified Food967 Words   |  4 PagesA genetically modified food is food that was made using organisms that were genetically modified as well. What the engineers do is take certain traits that they like from each crop and transfer them to another to get their desired food. There is a company called Arctic Apples which uses biotechnology to identify certain genes that, when mixed with polyphenolics, turns the apples brown. When they identify it, they remove the genes that cause it and the apples don’t go brown. This is one of many geneticallyRead MoreGenetically And Genetically Modified Organisms1447 Words   |  6 Pagesmodern society shifts towards healthier alternatives to french fries and hot dogs, practices in the food industry that were once acceptable have begun to come under public scrutiny. Out of these issues, none are more controversial than the use of GMOs, or Genetically Modified Organisms. Since its first use in 1973, genetic modification has been applied to almost every crop imaginable. Countless fields of beans, rice, and corn have become subject to genetic modification as more and more farmers beginRead MoreMy Experience As Mexican American1490 Words   |  6 Pagessay you are what you eat. In other words, the average diet affects the body in numerous forms. Most of the time, people eat according to their customs and culture. In my experience as Mexican American, realize my culture does not have a healthy diet. My culture cook different foods with corn, lard and flour. Corn and flour is utilized to make a variety of foods. My culture uses corn or flour for meals on a daily basis, some of the greatest unhealthy ingredients on the food charts. FurthermoreRead MoreBenefits Of Genetically Modified Organisms1559 Words   |  7 Pagesthis is corn. It grows naturally in North America. However, if you take a trip to any western European countryside and you will find fields upon fields of corn. Humans have modified corn to be able to grow in Europe. They modified it without scientist and without high tech equipment. Not only have humans been cultivating genetically modified organisms for years, they are also not as dangerous as society makes them out to be. In fact, there are many benefits to GMOs including vaccines that do not requireRead MoreThe Repulsive Truth Behind School Lunches Essay1514 Words   |  7 Pagesrooms are essentially fast food restaurants; they unload shipments of frozen food then heat it up in glorified microwaves and serve it hot and ready. This is the same basic principle of fast food restaurants and people all know how terribly unhealthy fast food is for them. St ill America feeds this toxic material to kids every day. This has been a tremendous issue for years but it is more devastating now than ever before. The CDC has stated that children born in the year 2000, those fourteen yearRead MoreLiving Conditions, Diet And Reproduction Is Not The Only Problems Associated With Commercial Farming897 Words   |  4 Pagesconditions, diet and reproduction is not the only problems associated with commercial farming. Hamburgers and hot dogs these are American foods but how does it get there on our plate. Do people know how the animals are slaughtered or do they even care. Slaughter this means killing of animals for human consumption. When it comes to the slaughtering of animals I think the majority of people don’t care that the animals are being killed to be eaten. The thing that causes the controversy is how are theyRead MoreHuman Health And The Environment : Gmos1668 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: What is the issue? What is a GMO? If you were to ask your average person on the street, they would probably tell you that they know they’re bad, but don’t know what they are. Many people know it has something to do with â€Å"genetics† or â€Å"modification,† but what sort of genetics? And how or why are these things being modified? Put simply, GMO is an acronym for Genetically Modified Organism. GMO and genetically engineered organism are frequently used synonymously. According to the Non-GMORead MoreImmigration Reform Of The United States1245 Words   |  5 Pageson American society. There is no doubt that immigration has been extremely beneficial for American society; almost all people here are immigrants; however, some who oppose comprehensive immigration reform would argue that at this point in American society it is more beneficial for our economy to limit immigration and allow our economy to flourish by using the people who are already here; however, many economists would say that this is simply not true. Doug Bandow, a writer for Forbes, a leadingRead More The Great Ireland Potato Famine Effects Essay1788 Words   |  8 Pagesof Ireland. Many of the traditional ways of economics and society changed drastically because of the famine. Many people also blamed the British for letting the famine get so bad. These effects will be discussed throughout the paper. Starvation was one of the main effects of the Great Potato Famine, which was â€Å"unlike other subsistence crises† (Crawford, 114). The Irish people were very dependant on potatoes as a source of food. â€Å"The majority of the Irish peasants did not have access to the

15 Quotes for a Best Man Wedding Toast

If you have been asked to be the best man at a wedding, you have a wide variety of responsibilities. Some of them (like planning and attending a bachelor party)Â  are a lot of fun; others (like handling the rings) can be tricky. Perhaps the most intimidating of all your tasks will be the ritual of raising a best man wedding toast to the couple. It is said that fortune favors the brave. So instead of thinking up creative excuses to give the legendary best man wedding toast a slip, why not use a few of the following quotes to let the best man win? 15 Fun, Funny, and Sincere Quotes to Use in Your Best Man Wedding Toast As you choose quotes, be sure they really reflect your relationship with the happy couple and their personalities. Will they enjoy fun or funny quotes? Or are they more likely to appreciate a sincere and caring message? The quote you choose can set the tone for your toast. AnonymousIts not as great a day for the bride as she thinks. Shes not marrying the best man. Robert FrostIts a funny thing that when a man hasnt anything on earth to worry about, he goes off and gets married. Allan K. ChalmersThe grand essentials of happiness are: something to do, something to love, and something to hope for. Diane SolleeAny fool can have a trophy wife. It takes a real man to have a trophy marriage. Timothy Titcomb, J. G. HollandThe most precious possession that ever comes to a man in this world is a womans heart. David LevesqueYou know you are in love when you see the world in her eyes, and her eyes everywhere in the world. Rabindranath TagoreHe who wants to do good, knocks at the gate: he who loves finds the door open. Michel de MontaigneMarriage is like a cage; one sees the birds outside desperate to get in, and those inside equally desperate to get out. Brendan FrancisA man is already halfway in love with any woman who listens to him. Mark TwainAfter all these years, I see that I was mistaken about Eve in the beginning; it is better to live outside the Garden with her than inside it without her. Ronald ReaganThere is no greater happiness for a man than approaching a door at the end of a day, knowing someone on the other side of that door is waiting for the sound of his footsteps. Saint AugustineInsomuch as love grows in you, so beauty grows. For love is the beauty of the soul. Antoine de Saint-ExuperyLove does not consist in gazing at each other, but in looking outward together in the same direction. SophoclesOne word frees us of all the weight and pain of life: That word is love. Emily BronteWhatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same.

Analysis Of River Out Of Eden And The Art Of War

It is difficult to argue whether strategy is an art form or science because it can actually be both. Sun Tzu’s text, â€Å"The Art of War† is an example of an ancient humanism text about strategies of war. Humanism by definition is, â€Å"an outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters. Humanist beliefs stress the potential value and goodness of human beings, emphasize common human needs, and seek solely rational ways of solving human problems†(Dictionary.com). Therefore, humanism is much like philosophy which is related to science yet influenced by the skill of art. Thomas Cleary starts off the text with a quote from â€Å"The Book of Balance and Harmony† which states, â€Å"To know after seeing is not worthy of being called knowing†(qtd. in Cleary, xv-xvi), but since Sun Tzu’s teachings are philosophical the text renders itself as war knowledge. In â€Å"River Out of Eden: A D arwinian View of Life†, author and biologist Richard Dawkins would greatly disagree with Cleary’s quote because Dawkins believes that, â€Å"Scientific beliefs are supported by evidence, and they get results†(Dawkins 33). According to Dawkins, Darwinism has the power to explain natural occurrences in the universe and his mission is to disprove supernatural views of creation and the world with observable scientific knowledge. Although, military strategies are intuitive there are also observable scientific aspects to the art of war which follow the scientific method.Show MoreRelatedEssay on Altruism: Our Desire to Help Others2507 Words   |  11 Pagessurvival of the fittest, calculates that humans basic goal and reason of life is to survive, and reproduce; to have only ones self in mind. But why then, if natural selection filters us down to survival of the fittest, might one creature stick its neck out for another? Regardless of Darwin’s theory, we have evolved into a species in which our fundamentals are ‘good’ in nature; significantly outweighing our instinct of selfish survival. Over the years, science has been able to put the human selfish instinctRead MoreLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pagesup or coming of age of a sensitive person who goes in search of answers to life s questions with the expectation that these will result from gaining experience of the world. The genre evolved from folklore tales of a dunce or youngest son going out in the world to seek his fortune. Usually in the beginning of the story there is an emotional loss which makes the protagonist leave on his journey. In a Bildungsroman, the goal is maturity, and the protagonist achieves it gradually and with difficultyRead More Columbus and the New World Discovery Essay4487 Words   |  18 Pagesservices to mankind, all political, religious and social differences have vanished. How things changed in a century! Political, religious, and social differences, far from vanishing, place Columbus today in the center of a world-wide cultural civil war. The great hero of the nineteenth century seems well on the way to becoming the great villain of the twenty-first. Columbus, it is now charged, far from being the pioneer of progress and enlightenment, was in fact the pioneer of oppression, racism,Read MoreAlternative Dispute Resolution Mechanism21967 Words   |  88 Pagesup with innovative and creative ideas to resolve them. Dealing with conflicts – â€Å"conflict management,† or â€Å"conflict resolution† as it has come to be called in professional circles – is as old as humanity itself. Stories of handling conflicts and the art of managing them are told at length throughout the history of every nation and ethnic group who share the same history. Conflicts have been recorded from the very early days of humankind. We find in The Bible an d similar religious and historical documentsRead MorePlanned Approach to Change11990 Words   |  48 PagesThe article concludes by arguing that rather than being outdated or redundant, Lewin’s approach is still relevant to the modern world. INTRODUCTION Freud the clinician and Lewin the experimentalist – these are the two men whose names will stand out before all others in the history of our psychological era. The above quotation is taken from Edward C Tolman’s memorial address for Kurt Lewin delivered at the 1947 Convention of the American Psychological Association (quoted in Marrow, 1969, pRead MoreHow to Write a Research Paper11497 Words   |  46 PagesAmerican steel industry has many problems. Narrow: The primary problem of the American steel industry is the lack of funds to renovate outdated plants and equipment. A thesis statement is specific rather than vague or general. Vague: Hemingway s war stories are very good. Specific: Hemingway s stories helped create a new prose style by employing extensive dialogue, shorter sentences, and strong language. A thesis statement has one main point rather than several main points. More than oneRead MoreReligion And Its Role Within Societies 600 B.c11006 Words   |  45 Pagesworld. Let’s look at everything in order. The Hindu religion, just as many great religions now, was based off of an older religion, particularly the ancient Aryan Vedic one. The Aryans were people who migrated from the Caucasus Mountains down to Indus River Valley, and the only way we know about them and their religion is the sacred texts they left the earliest of which we know as the Vedas. The Vedas were the foundation for Hinduism, describing deities, and hymns to praise these deities, and were basicallyRead MoreFrankenstein Study Guide14107 Words   |  57 PagesResponding Responding to Frankenstein Related Reading Blackline Masters Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein by Roger Ebert A Frankenstein Monster Ended Up Being a Lamb by Ed Regis A New Life by Ramsey Campbell The Golem by Isaac Bashevis Singer . . . That Thou Art Mindful of Him by Isaac Asimov Test About the Work Frankenstein by Mary Shelley In Mary Shelley’s 1818 novel Frankenstein, a young scientist brings on his own destruction by constructing an artificial man and bringing it to life. Through the charactersRead MoreEudora Welty a Worn Path12166 Words   |  49 Pageswoman named Phoenix Jackson is making her way, slowly but surely, through the woods, tapping an umbrella on the ground in front of her as she walks. Her shoes are untied. While she taps along, she talks to the animals in the woods, telling them to keep out of her way. As the path goes up a hill, she complains about how difficult walking becomes. It becomes evident that she has made this journey many times before; she is familiar with all the twists and turns in the trail. She talks aimlessly to herselfRead MoreEudora Welty a Worn Path12173 Words   |  49 Pageswoman named Phoenix Jackson is making her way, slowly but surely, through the woods, tapping an umbrella on the ground in front of her as she walks. Her shoes are untied. While she taps al ong, she talks to the animals in the woods, telling them to keep out of her way. As the path goes up a hill, she complains about how difficult walking becomes. It becomes evident that she has made this journey many times before; she is familiar with all the twists and turns in the trail. She talks aimlessly to herself

Should Immigration Be Legal Or Not - 2495 Words

Devon Tseng 5/25/16 Draft 2 Research Paper Introduction Immigration, whether legal or not, plays a huge role in the well-being of this country, both economically and culturally. The Migration Policy Institute has compiled information on immigrant populations, both legal and unauthorized, which clearly show that immigration is an issue that cannot be overlooked, and is something that we, as a nation, have to deal with together. There are many stances on illegal immigration, which appear in the news and media often. There are some groups of people that do not like immigrants, and want to see them go. On the other side of the immigration debate, we have groups of people that want to offer all undocumented immigrants citizenship. And in the middle, we have people who seek to keep some undocumented immigrants while deporting others. In this paper I will analyze and provide some insight on what policies could be provided to deal with undocumented immigrants in this country. Review of the Literature In this paper, I write about the different potential methods that might be used to approach the undocumented immigration problem in the United States. There are many stances and opinions regarding undocumented immigrants, and there is no â€Å"one size fits all† solution to tackle such a massive issue. Therefore, I’ve gathered many different sources to get a broad view of the immigration debate and many different potential solutions that would help to deal with this issue. First, itShow MoreRelatedShould Immigration Be Legal Or Illegal?1701 Words   |  7 PagesThe Topic of Immigration is certainly a complex and touchy subject. Moreover, that of Illegal Immigration is vehemently controversial. However, when it comes to exercising judgment on the subject and formulating a stance there are de facto only two approaches: a sentimental optimistic approach or a business like realistic approach. According to an article by Immigration specialist Charle s Hirschman the general optimistic assertion is that Immigration be it legal or illegal strengthens American societyRead MoreLegal Immigration Should Not Be Punished Than Native Born Citizens2484 Words   |  10 PagesResearch suggests that legal immigrants commit less crime than native-born citizens, but despite this evidence there are discrepancies in how the criminal justice system punishes both groups, leaving legal immigrants to be punished more severely than native-born citizens. Many believe that legal immigrants, particularly minority groups, are not only a threat to society, but they are said to increase crime in the United States (Wang, 2012). Research by D. Sohoni and T. Sohoni (2013) revealed thatRead MoreAmerica Needs Immigration Reform Essay1034 Words   |  5 PagesImmigration reduction refers to a movement in the United States that advocates a reduction in the amount of immigration allowed into the country. Steps advocated for reducing the numbers of immigrants inc lude advocating stronger action to prevent illegal entry and illegal immigration, and reductions in non-immigrant temporary work visas (such as H-1B and L-1). Some advocate a tightening of the requirements for legal immigration requirements to reduce total numbers, or move the proportions of legalRead MoreThe Immigration Of Illegal Immigrants1643 Words   |  7 Pageshas been worldly known for its characteristics of prosperity, opportunity, and freedom which ultimately form the famous â€Å"American dream,† in which so many individuals desire. While this country’s reputation and culture was built on the basis of immigration, the ideals and viewpoints of this topic have strayed far from welcoming over the years. Both the Democratic and Republican parties find faults in the overflow of illegal immigrants coming into America, but differ in their strategies of devisingRead MoreImmigration And The United States Essay1368 Words   |  6 Pages In the 21st century, immigrat ion is one of the most controversial and hotly debated topics. Thus, we have an extremely complex immigration process accompanied with extremely complex immigration laws. Consequently, reform to the United States immigration policy is absolutely necessary to continue to help build America into the most diverse nation on the planet. To reform immigration, three topics must be addressed: what to do with illegal immigrants already in the United States, how to stop futureRead MoreIllegal Immigration Essay705 Words   |  3 PagesIllegal Immigration Immigration, legal or otherwise, is a huge issue right now. Debates rage about how many immigrants should be allowed into the country and how zealously we should guard out border from illegal intruders. To a point, these people are correct, illegal immigration is something that should be stopped. People should not cross the border illegally or overstay on visits. The important question is, however, does illegal immigration deserve the massive amount of attention it receivesRead MoreImmigration Reform : Illegal Immigration1697 Words   |  7 Pages Back in 2007 there were several concerns over immigration as a whole and exploding proportions of illegal immigrants crossing the border in the Arizona area. Arizona attempted to resolve the influx of people across the border by imposing heavy fines on employers hiring illegal immigrants. At that time in Arizona there was a democratic governor Janet Napolitano that continually vetoed the Arizona’s legislature attempt to reduce illegal immigration. In 2009 the state replaced the Democratic governorRead MoreEssay on The United States must Reduce Illegal Immigration818 Words   |  4 Pagespeople. The people that are there only speak Spanish. What do I do? This scenario happens to many people everyday. How do we deal with situations like this one? The city of Hialeah is a major example of immigration. According to Websters College dictionary, the meaning of immigration is coming into a country or region to live. Immigrants come from all over the world to live in America. Why is that? The main reason that everybody wants to go to the United States is because if they would goRead MoreImmigration Reform : Legal Or Illegal1520 Words   |  7 PagesImmigration Reform: Legal or Illegal Vigorous debates about immigration policy have been part of U.S. history since the first settlers began arriving from Europe (Novas, 1994; Kessler, 2001; Reichman, 2006). Those who favor more stringent restrictions on entry to the country, and greater penalties for violating those restrictions, argue that it is necessary for the safety and economic security of our nation and to preserve jobs for U.S. born workers (Camarota, 2011). Those who favor more leniencyRead MoreImmigration Policy Of The United States1017 Words   |  5 Pagesto have open and honest debate of immigration policy in the United States. It is not that there is not an immigration policy. The author presented two points of view: for immigration and for restricted immigration. For a true democracy, policies are formulated, adopted, implemented and evaluated. In the evaluation phase, challenges are made as to the effectiveness of a â€Å"living† policy. All government’s action or inaction, affects the people governed, and immigration is no exception. In fact, it directly

Wto and Gatt free essay sample

General Agreement for Trade and Tariff, which is considered as the first step towards the formation of a common platform for international trade, came into existence with effect from 1st Jan 1948, and remained till December 1994. In 1994, at Uruguay Round of GATT negotiations, it was decided to set up a permanent institution for looking after the promotion of free and fair trade amongst nations. Consequence to this decision, the GATT was transformed into World Trade Organisation (WTO) with effect from 1st Jan 1995. The Head Quarters of WTO is situated in Geneva, Switzerland. WTO is a powerful successor of GATT and a permanent organisation created by an international Treaty ratified by Government of member states which governs trade not only in goods but also in services and intellectual property rights. IT has a member driven rule – based organisation in which decisions are taken by the member government on general consensus. It has global status as World Bank and IMF being the principal international body concerned with solving trade problems. We will write a custom essay sample on Wto and Gatt or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As on 11th December 2005, there are 149 nations as members of WTO. Objectives of WTO WTO objectives are based on the idea of sustainable development in relation to the optimal use of world’s resources so as to ensure protection and preservation of the environment. The major objectives of WTO are as follows: 1. To ensure reduction of tariffs and other trade barriers imposed by different countries. 2. To engage in such activities which improve the standard of living, create employment, increase income and effective demand and facilitate higher production and trade. 3. To facilitate the optimal use of the world’s resources for sustainable development. . To promote an integrated, more viable and durable trading system. Functions of WTO ? ? ? ? ? To promote an environment that is encouraging to its member countries to come forward to WTO in mitigating their grievances. To lay down a commonly accepted code of conduct to reduce the trade barriers including tariffs and to eliminate discriminations in international trade. To act as a dispute se ttlement body. To ensure that all the rules and regulations prescribed in the Act are followed by member countries for the settlement of disputes. To hold consultations with IMF and IBRD (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development) and its affiliated agencies to have better understanding and cooperation in global economic policy making. To supervise the operations of the revised Agreements and Ministered declarations relating to goods, services and Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). ? Benefits of WTO Since 1995, WTO has been constituting the legal and institutional foundation for today’s multilateral trading system. Major benefits of WTO are as follows: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? WTO helps to promote international peace and facilitate international business. WTO helps to settle all the disputes between member nations with mutual consultations. WTO’s rules make international trade and relations very smooth and predictable. WTO helps to improve the living standards of people by increasing the income level through free trade. Helps to provide ample scope of getting varieties of qualitative products through free trade. Economic growth has been fastened because of free trade. WTO encourages good government. WTO helps to foster growth of developing countries through special and preferential treatment in trade related matters.

Module a Comparative Study of Texts and Context free essay sample

Module a: Comparative Study of Texts and Context BY dant12 Module A: Comparative Study of Texts and Context Elective 1: Exploring connections Connections between texts open up new meanings of texts. What is your view? Context changes due to audience, writers and time; though it still has the effect of influencing perspectives and creating/ reshaping meaning. Through the context, us as readers are able to establish an understanding of the time period, the writer and the purpose of the text. Through the exploration of both contexts relationships are established to enrich and illuminate connections on the unchanging nature and niversality of certain values, ideas and language forms, also highlighting through implicit or explicit means relationships, writing and societal changes. Connections are made between the text that explore and develop new meanings. Thus considering the nature of connection between Pride and Prejudice- Jane Austen and Letters to Alice on First Ready Jane Austen- Fay Weldon can elucidate ones understanding and perception. Between these two texts there are many direct and explicit references that draw superficial connections, both are written by female composers, both deal with family relationships and issues of social standards, both xplore the role of letters. However it is the implicit relationships that create deeper connections that hold a greater value effectively opening up and developing new meanings, through the characters and context. Marriage and relationships- the need for love and affection as well as wealth and security in order to bring happiness and fulfilment. The intrinsic need for deep and meaningful relationships is examined by both authors as well as for financial security in order to provide happiness and fulfilment. Austen heavily conveys her ideas of the importance of love and security in elationships in order to bring happiness- contradicting the attitudes of her time. The context at the time creates an understanding about what is read, this being that 18th century women, being lower in society had to marry in order to have wealth and security. Austen displays the need for not only genuine respect and affection, but also balanced matches and security through the development of character relationships. Elizabeths strong sense.. of her own worth enables this idea to be conveyed as she naturally looks for the happiness in the marriage state. Elizabeths ejection to Collins persistent proposals is a prime example of both Elizabeths autonomous character and also the value Austen places on true affection and happiness in relationships. Elizabeth insists, l am not one of those ladies Who are so daring to risk their happiness you could not make me happy and I am convinced that I would not make you so, Austen highlights that whilst love should be involved it should not succeed over sensible and logical behaviour. Working in conjunction with Austen, Weldons letters to Alice stresses the importance of both relationships and arriage to bring happiness and security, as it is still a concern for women. Underpinning Weldons stance on her values is her feminist attitude as a post 1970s teminist writer. The authorial intrusion and didacticism sne manipulates through Aunt Fay demonstrates her belief in female equality and independence. Although Weldon shares this value with Austen, Weldon believes that marriage is not only way to power. She draws a parallel with unsatisfactory marriages that Austen revealed and modern day marriages of bought Asian brides, that marriage in order to survive is considered no better than slavery. Weldon downgrades the role Austen places on wealth in relationships, with less emphasis on income compatibility as a critical factor to marriage, but supports the notion of marriage for love and relationships based on affection When looking at Fay Weldon in Letters to Alice we see the broken relationship Fay Has with her sister and also how she is willing to plead to amend it. Throughout letter six letter to a sister the use of a instead of my in the title indicates that they are sisters though, this is not recognised or addressed; also the formal tone in which Fay addresses Enid , creates another disconnected feeling for he audience, we acknowledge that Fay wishes to repair the relationship It is time we patch up this quarrel the reinforcing impersonal, formal tone emphasises that this is truth the line being very direct and informative showing that Fay intends the argument to be predetermined. The push to reconnect with Fays sister gives a sense of the context; showing that Fay does not gain wealth or satisfaction in a man but through her relationships with family and her own independence this in itself shows the different context though still the importance of relationship in any time period. In both texts we are able to see the different characteristics of characters through relationships that they establish. We also see a connection between the character Fay Weldon and Elizabeth Bennet; both determined people who hold value in own independence and relationships for satisfaction Success that comes from pride, self- worth, independence and social class, both texts share the belief that society demands conformity that comprises and inhibits your true self. The value Jane Austen places on the autonomy of women is tempered with a warning against being too proud. She is openly supportive of Elizabeth, a young women with a strong sense of her own worth as an individual, who rebels against social conventions of a patriarchal society, despite the narrowness and rigid conventions the protagonist possesses independence of mind. In challenging the stereotypical ideal woman her self-confidence enables her to act on her beliefs, fearlessly voicing her opinions and criticising behaviour she believes is arrogant and proud unperturbed but the judgement of others. Drawing a connection with Weldons protagonist Aunt Fay a liberal, freethinking spirit who explains the importance of independence in the omplexities of the writing process and the relationship between composer, critics and audience through the extended metaphor of the city of invention. Fay emphasises the value of independence when she encourages her niece, Alice to show your work to no one. She teaches the importance of self-worth and Judgement as being more relevant than other opinions, the epistolary nature enables the strong communication of ideas and beliefs to be widely regarded. Weldon believes those who choose to ignore the rules governed by society often succeed. Alice ironically onfirms the belief as she chooses not to listen to Fays advice and consequently produces a top selling novel. However like Austen, Weldon subtly warns about excessive pride and independence that social conventions can be excessive and ridiculous and should not intertere with common sense and moral righteousness. Austen highlights her point of view by deliberately Juxtaposing Jane and Elizabeth and in doing so warns the reader of the dangers of conforming to expectations, rather than being true to yourself. Elizabeths independence blinds her to the unexpected affection between Darcy and herself with the use of dramatic irony to ighlight the issue, she allows her initial opinion of Darcy to be shaped by the communities perception that he is ate up with pride. Like Austen, Weldon values independence, self-worth and personal Judgement over following social conventions. The use of writing as a form of expression highlights the contrasting contexts of the time, both authors work in conjunction with their societal conventions to reflect certain attitude beliefs and values. Weldon express her personality through her work, projected by snippets of autobiographies and the apparent ventriloquism of her omniscient first-person narratives. Writing is more than Just the making of a series of comprehensible statements: It is the gathering in of connotations; harvesting of them, like blackberries in a good season, ripe and heavy, snatched from among the thorns of logic. Weldons expression is evident in her use of language forms and features. The frequent use of extended metaphors; the city of invention allows the readers to easily grasp the ideas being present. Weldons context is shown through her writing; the 80s were a time of excess which was mirrored through an individuals lifestyle, where possessions were readily accessible. Reflecting through Weldons writing the extensive use of language forms and features is used almost to bring credibility to her works. In contrast Weldon helps to deconstruct the writing process of Austen, Weldon uses epistolary form to compliment Austen showing that the form is universal and can be manipulated to suit different contexts. Letters create a sense of realism and are sued to drive the novel as a plot device to reveal characters, avoiding the use of a single, explicitly didactic, authorial voice. For Austen epistolary form was a way of personal expression, her concise word-choice, timing and tonal uance typifies her masterful handling of dialogue, representing the polite social context she represents so well. Austens periodic sentence forms and precise expression rather than abrasive rhetorical density shown through Weldons writing contrasts the societal expectations. The effect of examination into the societal, cultural and historical contexts in both texts allows for a further informed understanding of the texts values and attitudes. Weldons Letters to Alice is enriched by Austens Pride and Prejudice therefore through critical study one can establish an informed perception on the basis of context.

Preposition Grammar and English Prepositional Phrases free essay sample

In grammar, a preposition is a part of speech that introduces a prepositional phrase or combines with a noun to form a phrase. For example, in the sentence The cat sleeps on the sofa, the word on is a preposition, introducing the prepositional phrase on the sofa. In English, the most used prepositions are of, to, in, for, with and on. Simply put, a preposition indicates a relation between things mentioned in a sentence. Another simpler term, a preposition is a prior explanation, typically found before a noun, pronoun, or substantives, that explains the noun, pronoun, or substantive. Examples would be beneath, between, under, above, below, upon, atop, into, onto, within, without, or across. (The princess found the pea underneath her mattress. ) A postposition would be for the same use but used after the noun, pronoun, or substantive. (He drew a line on the map from one state and across. ) Students are commonly taught that prepositions cannot end a sentence, although there is no rule prohibiting that use. We will write a custom essay sample on Preposition: Grammar and English Prepositional Phrases or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page [1][2] Winston Churchill is said to have written, This is the sort of English up with which I will not put,[2] illustrating the awkwardness that would result from a rule against the use of terminal prepositions. However, the attribution of this quote to Churchill is almost certainly apocryphal. [3]) In many languages (e. g. Urdu, Turkish, Hindi and Japanese), the words that serve the role of prepositions come after, not before, the dependent noun phrase. Such words are commonly called postpositions; similarly, circumpositions consist of two parts that appear on both sides of the dependent noun phrase. The technical term used to refer collectively to prepositions, postpositions, and circumpositions is adposition. In more technical language, an adposition is an element that, prototypically, combines syntactically with a phrase and indicates how that phrase should be interpreted in the surrounding context. Some linguists use the word preposition instead of adposition for all three cases. [4] In linguistics, adpositions are considered members of the syntactic category P. PPs,[5] consisting of an adpositional head and its complement phrase, are used for a wide range of syntactic and semantic functions, most commonly modification and complementation. The following examples illustrate some uses of English prepositional phrases:

Essay Topics - Know Which Ones Are Important For Your College Essay

Essay Topics - Know Which Ones Are Important For Your College EssayDo you know which maus essay topics to choose for your college essay? Choosing topic for your college essays can be a tricky thing to do.The right maus essay topics are the key for you to succeed in college. Before the essay, you should select essay topics that are unique to you will remember well. Make sure you understand each topic before writing the essay.Mans essay topics are very important because it shows what your passion is about. It would help you with your choice for the essay. You should be able to outline what is really worth mentioning in the essay. Try to pick the topic that is directly related to the topic of your college.Common college essay topics include your personal story and your personality. If you have any personal problem or suffering that you want to share to the rest of the world, then make sure you write the essay with this in mind.Mans essay topics should be able to engage the reader in the essay. Your topic can not simply contain one idea. Make sure that the topic is an extension of your opinions and experiences.Mans essay topics should be short. The essay needs to be readable and concise. In addition, it should be interesting and intriguing.Mans essay topics should not be lengthy. If you have more than one option for your essay, then the subject should not end up in a complex problem. Be sure that you get the ideas out in the essay.Mans essay topics are very important. Always try to think of a subject that will enable you to add something to your writing skill. Doing so will help you with your essay success.

Modernism

Modernism In Miller's Death of a salesman the theme of individual powerlessness is re-occurring. The entire play is based on the life of a man who has basically failed at everything he has done. All this bad fortune is not just Willy Loman's fault, he has to face the cruel reality for the world and try to cope with it. Unfortunately Willy fails at his attempt of coping with the real world. The theme of individual powerlessness and alienation is not just re-occurring in Death Of A Salesman. Individual powerlessness is a very common theme in modernism. Many other modern poets and writers show this same theme in their work. E.E. Cummings is a great example of a modern poet who shows the theme of individual powerlessness and alienation.Miller does a wonderful job in showing the theme of individual powerlessness and alienation that Willy goes through in Death Of A Salesman.Death of a Salesman (1951 film)Willy has a very hard life, which leads him to do several stupid acts. Willy is faced with so mu ch grief that he attempts to commit suicide several times by crashing his car. To some extent Willy is not the one responsible for all the bad things that have happened to him throughout his life. Society has rejected Willy and his old fashioned thinking. Society, at this point has evolved so quickly that Willy has not been able to catch up. So in a way, society is the one responsible for alienating Willy. He has not been able to recover from this new change in the world. Willy is seen as a loser, a no-body, someone who has not accomplished anything in his life. Willy's last action of powerlessness was his suicide.E.E. Cummings, along side of Arthur Miller, both wrote modern literature. Both these authors showed... Modernism A good example of Modernism is a short story called I Stand Here Ironing by Tillie Olsen. This story not only portrays gender roles but also family roles. Here the narrator is a mother giving the reader a glimpse into her life, choices she made as a mother, and being a single parent. Through her defense of her situation, she exposes to the reader the underlying insecurities that riddle her mind about her mothering. The tale opens with the narrator explaining the pain she feels when she is reminded of her past and the choices she made. The main character reflects on how the situation may or may not have affected her child Emily. As she suggests, although it is years later, she still does not have time for her children. The mother feels all her children after Emily have had it better. With that said, I shall try to explore the question. What is the difference from then and now? As a young mother, the narrator expresses how she wanted to be the best mother, the right mother for her child Emily. She admits that she was a first time mother ...with all the rigidity of first motherhood... She reads books to educate her self and she believes the experts and what makes the best kind of mother. Tillie Olsen writes about how the character, through physical sacrifice, nursed her child. The story raises our awareness of gender and family roles by the comments of the narrator. We become aware of the constraints we place upon ourselves to fit in with what the majority believes each role in a family should be. The character confesses that she had to parent alone, a nineteen-year-old single parent, and sarcastically quotes a note her husband left for her ...he could no longer endure. Tillie Olsen leaves us, the reader with the sense that the character in the story now feels more of a failure. Because of the thinking of her time, she should be married. It is unfortunate that her h...

Human reproduction system Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Human reproduction system - Assignment Example These increase the amount of calcium in the muscle cells which are in turn responsible for the contraction of the uterus. Aside from helping with contractions, the increased levels of this hormone in both mother and child foster feelings of attachment and affection. On the other hand, another hormone prolactin works together with oxytocin during pregnancy to produce and release breast milk, respectively. It increases during labour with the highest level occurring during birth and remaining high as the mother breastfeeds. Beta-endorphin and adrenaline are other hormones that help in child birth. Adrenalin helps in labor as it gives the mother energy to push. It also prevents the rise of oxytocin when the mother feels anxiety, tension or fear during labour. Similarly, beta-endorphin can be considered an innate painkiller and is released when the body feels pain so that natural childbirth and breastfeeding are bearable for the mother. It also helps in releasing prolactin during labour so the mother’s breasts are ready for the new born. (Hormones in Labour 2012) Magon, N and Kalra, S 2011, ‘The orgasmic history of oxytocin: Love, lust, and labor’, Indian Journal of Endicronology and Metabolism, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. S156-S161. Available from NCBI [September

The Business Relationship between Nathan and Frank Essay

The Business Relationship between Nathan and Frank - Essay Example Ethical codes seek to set standards of fair and reasonable behavior throughout the supply chain, or in the attitude towards the employee or customer. Application: Application of the law is complicated by reality, because as the case of Frank and Nathan shows, a business is by nature made up of many different individuals. Moral and economic values differ from person to person within a business situation. A business is a large organizational structure, and within this structure, there may be individuals who are inspired to behave unethically for any number of reasons—here, we are not given Frank’s reasons, but he is clearly going back on his word and breaking his promise about payment, which is unethical. He has his own reasons. Many of these reasons have to do with the goals of the individual. For example, if a person views monetary gain as their main purpose, they may be willing to put ethical issues aside in order to reach their goal with maximum efficiency, to reach their short term goals and gain advantage. They may not pay attention to the code of ethics at all, and I think this is something Frank did in the cas e. Conclusion: One potential obstacle to a strictly legal solution is that, despite the prevalence of scientific and then panoptic programs throughout the twentieth century, corruption has continued to be a strong force in the business landscape including restaurant supply and services. Part of this may be habitual: much of the graft that goes on in this environment is accepted as a sort of ritual that is basically harmless, or â€Å"honest graft.† Issue 1: Frank is certainly not showing appropriate management in his conduct towards a valued customer who is supposed to receive a discount. Then again, it could also be argued that Nathan was not being ethical either, because he did not double check, get a paper

State of Confusion Paper Essay Example for Free

State of Confusion Paper Essay Determining the difference between personal jurisdiction and subject matter jurisdiction will help to determine which location a lawsuit should be filed in. Defining interstate commerce and which level of government has the right to place restrictions on the commerce is important when discussing a lawsuit. Understanding how lawsuits work as well as what lawyers will try to introduce within the court will allow the defendant to be able to better predict the outcome of the lawsuit. Personal Jurisdiction Personal jurisdiction also known as personam jurisdiction is the courts authority over the parties involved in the dispute (Melvin, S. P., 2011, p59). Personal jurisdiction, defined in this manner, the parties involved can be a business or an individual. It is the courts responsibility to determine fairness to all parties involved while complying with the laws of the federal constitutional requirements. The court determines personal jurisdiction over a party who lives in another state by a state long-arm statute. The court must determine if the out of state defendant, transacts business in the other state, commits a negligent act which leads to a loss to the other party, or owns property within the state (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p61). The court will look at Truckers lawsuit to determine if the State of Confusion’s statute causes a loss to Trucker’s business. The injurious effect will be taken into consideration at the lower courts level. Does the statute of the State of Confusion cause an injurious effect on the Tanya Trucker a resident of the State of Denial? Subject Matter Jurisdiction Subject matter jurisdiction is the courts authority over the dispute between the two parties (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p59). State courts are who handle any matter involving state statues, state common law or a state constitutional issue (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p60). The federal court will only hear matters in which arise from a federal statute or regulation, federal common law, or an issue with the U.S. Constitution. Federal courts may also hear matters when the parties involved are from two different states or if the monetary amount is greater than $75,000 (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p 60). The federal government will only provide a ruling based on state law if the diversity of citizenship is used. Both subject matter jurisdiction and personal jurisdiction must be satisfied before the federal court will be able to hear the case. In Tanya Truckers case against the State of Confusion the trial should be held in the federal courts within the State of Denial. The basis for this belief is because the matter between the State of Denial and Tanya Trucker is the nonresident (Trucker) is alleging loss to her business by the State of Confusion, therefore, the federal court within the State of Denial will hear the case but base the decision on the State of Confusions state statute as well as follow the Commerce Powers as defined by the US Constitution. Legal Issues Tanya Truckers attorneys will argue the State of Confusion has passed statues which attempt to regulate interstate commerce. The statue states all B-type truck hitches are required on all trucks which pass through the State of Confusion or the State requires the truck without the hitch to go around the State of Confusion therefore limiting the interstate commerce. This statue directly effects the Commerce clause of the US Constitution. The State of Confusion will argue the statue does not provide discriminatory laws on out of state business, the statue is a legitimate effort to regulate health, safety, and welfare (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p35). The State of Confusion will further argue the statue allows for the safety of the B-type hitches allows the fellow commuters on the highway protection because of the safety of the hitch which is installed. The hitch will prevent accidents to other motorists on the highway. The statue allows the state to protect the commerce on the highway by requiring the hitch be installed on all vehicles which pass through the state. The research presented allows me to conclude the court will side in favor of Tanya Trucker. The State of Confusion is discriminating against all trucks and towing trailers by forcing them to use a specific hitch or not pass through their state. This statue is in clear violation of the Commerce Clause set forth in the US Constitution. Stages of a Civil Suit In order to know the stages of a civil litigation it is important to know the definition of what civil litigation is. Civil litigation is a dispute resolution process where the parties and their counsel argue their view of a civil (noncriminal) controversy in a court of law (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p78). The stages of a civil litigation can overlap at times causing the stages to become blurred however, the stages help to allow the parties involved to understand the process and make sure a clear and concise resolution or ruling has been made. The stages of a civil litigation are, prelawsuit, standing, complaint and summons, answer, counterclaim, motions, discovery, pretrial conference, and trial. Following these stages and going through each stage completely allows for an unbiased verdict either by judge or jury. Prelawsuit Prelawsuit is an informal demand from one party to another. Prelawsuit allows for the parties or their attorneys to get together and discuss the issue. Prelawsuit is each party’s way of letting each other know what their demands are before a formal lawsuit is filed. This first step can help to resolve a number of issues before the costly issue of suit follows. Standing Standing is one party asserting a claim they have suffered an injury if fact, harm that is direct, concrete, and individualized, and articulates what legal redress exists to compensate for the injury (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p79-80). The standing formally tells the other party exactly what their conduct is doing to the economic interest of the business. Complaint and Summons The complaint and summons stage is also known as the pleadings stage. If no resolution in the informal stage can be attained then the formal proceeding begin with a complaint and summons. A complaint is the facts of the case in a formal matter which describes the liability and the defenses of the party (Melvin, S.P., 2011 p80). A summons is a formal notification to the defendant that s/he has been named in the lawsuit and informs them that an answer must be filed within a certain period of time (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p80). Answer An answer is a formal document which addresses each complaint from the defendant. This document usually states what each party agrees to and what each party still disputes. If the answer does not come in a timely matter the other party can be held in default which will allow for the other party to automatically lose the suit. Counterclaim A counterclaim is a way for the plaintiff to assert a countersuit establishing their credibility and attesting to damages by the defendant for not following the statue. The counterclaim being filed gives the defendant the ball in their court. They must now answer to the countersuit in a timely manner or be held in default. Motions A motion is a document filed by one party that requests court action in a matter pertaining to the litigation (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p84). A common motion filed in courts is the motion to dismiss. Discovery Stage The discovery stage allows each party to gather evidence to present in the pretrial conference and to be used in the trial. There are many different methods in the discovery stage. Depositions are common in this stage of discovery. Depositions are oral questions asked in front of a witness (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p84). Pretrial Conference A pretrial conference’s primary purpose is to encourage each party to agree to a settlement. If a settlement is reached the trial will not proceed. If a settlement is not reached then the parties will appear for the trial. The pretrial conference is usually each party and their respective attorneys appearing before the judge. Trial A trial as defined by the text The Legal Environment of Business generally takes place in front of a judge as the finder of law and a jury as the finder of fact (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p86). There are many stages to trial such as jury selection and opening, testimony and submission of evidence, closing arguments and charging the jury, deliberations and verdict, posttrial motions and appeals, and collecting the judgment. Trials can lead to a settlement when either party realizes they are found at fault prior to the verdict. A settlement can happen at any stage of the trial proceedings. References: Melvin, S. P. (2011). The legal environment of business: A managerial approach: Theory to practice. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.