Ethical Principle Essay Example for Free

Ethical Principle Essay Ethical principles have a huge portion in the impact of intentional or assisted euthanasia. Beneficence according to Beauchamp states, â€Å"compassion; taking positive action to help others; desire to do good; are core principle of our patient advocacy† (Beauchamp,2009,p38). The value of beneficence simply states to do good to achieve the best possible outcome. For example, medical research is expanding and exploring numerous cures for diseases that are causing harm to people. Doctors that are approving euthanasia are because of empathy and kindness for the patient. The doctors and physicians are trying to do good for the patient by performing euthanasia because they know the prognoses is poor and the medical treatment won’t cure the disease. Utilitarianism theory can also be applied to the situation, â€Å"this theory supports what is best for most people. The value of the act is determined by its usefulness, with the main emphasis on the outcome or consequences†(American Nursing Association). In other words, the greatest value for all, is the selection that is morally accurate. For example, some patients support active euthanasia because it ends the suffering of the person. The choice to end life in return brings the great happiness for large amount of people. The autonomy theory states, â€Å"Agreements to respect right to self determine is a course of action and support of independent decision making†. (Beauchamp,2009 p.38). People should have their own choice to make decision for themselves when it involves their lifeà ¢â‚¬â„¢s. If the member is unable to make his or her needs known, an inform consent or power of attorney should be made before hand of the patient wishes. The ethical theory such as deontology mentions, people should abide to their task and obligations when review an ethical dilemma. Reference Beauchamp, T. L., Childress, J. F. (2009). Principles of biomedical ethics (6th ed., pp. 38-39). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. American Nurses Association. Retrieved from website: http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/EthicsStandards/Resources/Ethics-Definitions.pdf

How Does Tourism Help The Economy

How Does Tourism Help The Economy The economic effect of tourism on a country Spending holidays abroad with family, is trendy these days. People around the world visit different places during summers and winters. I and my family too visit different places during vacations. When in a foreign country, I have always wondered, How does the country benefit from attracting tourists? I roughly knew the answer that the money that tourists spend in that particular country is the income of the tourism industry. But after this research, I have now understood that tourism is an important part of an economy and the money it earns is helpful to everyone. GENERAL IMPACTS: General Positive effects of tourism: It creates employment for people of the country. It promotes cultural awareness and also helps to preserve local culture and traditions. Money gained from tourism can be used to develop the infrastructure and services e.g. new roads and airports. In LEDCs money can be invested on developing education, clean water and sanitation. The foreign money can become aid to local people. Natural attractions can be protected using income from tourism. GOOD ECONOMIC IMPACTS: It generates foreign exchange. It creates new job and employment opportunities. It stimulates trade, income and entrepreneurship especially in small business sectors. The provision of new infrastructure which is available for non-tourism uses. It increases regional development particularly in isolated areas. It generates greater collection of taxes and revenues. General Negative impacts: It can have a negative impact on the environment. It increases air travel and thereby contributes towards air pollution. Mostly local people are employed in low skill, poorly paid work in unhygienic working conditions. Travel agents, airline companies and hoteliers benefit more than local companies when holidays are booked to destinations in LEDCs. Destroys local culture and traditions. Locally run accommodation companies face competition with foreign companies which build hotels in this new tourist destination. BAD ECONOMIC IMPACTS: 1) Necessity to import goods increase. This is especially with small economies which often do not produce what the tourists demand, and therefore import to meet the demands of the tourist. 2) Displacement effects. When a new tourism project takes customers away from an existing industry or facility, the economy is said to be shifted. 3) Over-dependence on tourism. When initially developing, the tourism industry is in vigour. The people start investing their money in this industry, resulting in downfall of other industries that were initially present. But soon tourists begin to dislike the particular tourist location and the economy falls. 4) Over-reliance on labour. As the tourists would increase, the labour required to fulfil their requirements would increase. The industry would extensively rely on labour; therefore these companies would highly exploit labour to meet the tourist demands. 5) Higher land values. Higher number of tourists would require more accommodation. Therefore hotels, lodges and rest houses are built. These results in shortage of land and the prices shoot up, which affect the locals. 6) Prices of goods increases. More tourists means more needs of supplies example: food, water, electricity, gas supply, etc. Also maintenance and repair would increase. These would make the market more expensive, making difficult for local people. UNITED KINGDOM: According to World Travel Tourism Council (WTTC), the industry grew by 1.3% in 2012. This rate of growth means that Tourism industry directly contributed  £35.6 billion to the British economy. The number of jobs that tourism supported was forecasted to increase by 250,000 between 2010 and 2020, from 2.645 million to 2.899 million. One in twelve jobs is currently supported by tourism. The UK has the fifth largest tourism industry in the world. It comprises of 200,000 enterprises. 70,000 establishments include major world-class hotels, country house hotels, guest houses, holiday parks, 110,000 restaurants, bars and pubs are surviving on Tourism. Moreover 7,000 businesses including theme parks, museums, heritage sites, parks, gardens, zoos; 25,000 businesses staging conferences, festivals, exhibitions and concerts are also dependent on Tourism. It has low barriers to entry making it able to respond quickly to changes in demand, and highly efficient in rapidly creating employment. Recently increased visa and Air Passenger Duty charges worsened the situation, as the UKs VAT rates for accommodation and restaurants, have become twice of the main tourism industries in Europe. If these VAT rates are reduced, the Tourism industry might not suffer much. FUTURE SCENARIOS: Tourism is forecasted to contribute over  £100 billion to the UK economy. INDIA: The demand tourism in India is expected to grow by 8.2 percent between 2010 and 2019 and will place India at the third position in the world. Indias tourism sector is expected to be the second largest employer in the world, employing 40,037,000 by 2019. The report forecasts India to get capital investment worth US$ 275.5 billion in 2018. Positive Impacts: It has generated income, resulted in poverty alleviation and has generated great number of jobs. The tourism industry in India generated about US$100 billion in 2008 and that is expected to increase to US$275.5 billion by 2018 at a 9.4% annual growth rate. It helps in preservation of heritage sites like old monuments (ex. Taj Mahal and Qutab Minar) and saving the biodiversity; therefore attracting more tourists and resulting in more income. It encourages infrastructure development, health care facilities, recreation areas, hotels and restaurants; which again increases the number of tourists attractions. Problem in India: The major problem in the development of tourism in India is inadequate infrastructure including less air seat capacity, accessibility to tourist destinations, accommodation and trained manpower in sufficient number. Poor visitor experience and poor hygienic conditions are also some of the problems. It sometimes leads to the destruction of social fabric of country. When too many tourists visit a place, the chances of development of crime and human trafficking may happen at a great extent. And therefore India has to spend money on crime control. It may lead to suspicion, tension and hostility between locals and the tourists, as they share different cultural backgrounds and lifestyles. This may lead to disputes and violence, overall reducing the tourist count. AUSTRALIA: In Australia, tourism directly and indirectly employed 907,100 persons. In 2010-11, Australia nearly earned $73.3 billion from tourism industry. The total output multiplier is 1.92, which means every $1 tourism industry earns, adds 92 cents extra indirectly to other parts of countrys economy. State Tourism Satellite Accounts (2011) show that out of $65.4 billion, which were contributed by the states mostly were: New South Walesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ $21.3 billion (33 per cent) Queenslandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ $16.3 billion (25 per cent) Victoria $13.4 billion (21 per cent). The number of tourists by 2021-2022 is forecasted to increase by 0.8 %, which means around 308 million tourists would visit in Australia. SPAIN: The tourist boom that began in the mid-1950s was based on the recreational assets of the Mediterranean seashore areas. In 1970s and 1980s, when the tourist boom was playing its role, tourism development lead to the loss of traditional jobs, when workers moved from industries such as : Farming, forestry, mining and Shing into service jobs in tourism and made a serious impact on the overall economy. Tourists had spent around 49 billion Euros in Spain in 2010. The real foreign tourism has increased by 8.65 %. The income was about 159.9 billion Euros in 2011 according to world tourism and travel council. The industry is predicted to gain 180 billion Euros by 2022. Tourism also contributed to 12.7% of total employment and 2,304,500 jobs were created. The employment number is predicted to rise to 2,369,000 by 2022. But if the country experiences major drawback in tourism industry in the future, it would for 12.7 % of the people to lose their jobs.

Network Infrastructure For E Commerce Information Technology Essay

Network Infrastructure For E Commerce Information Technology Essay   E-commerce or eCommerce is basically Electronic commerce that deals with buying and selling of services and products over electronic systems such as Internet and other Computer networks. E-commerce is commonly known as electronic marketing. With the extensive use of Internet, the amount of trade carried out electronically has developed tremendously. E-commerce (electronic commerce or EC) is the buying and selling of goods and services on the Internet, especially the World Wide Web. In practice, this term and a newer term,  e-business, are often used interchangeably. For online retail selling, the term  e-tailing  is sometimes used. Electronic commerce is generally considered to be the sales aspect of e-business. It also consists of the exchange of data to facilitate the financing and payment aspects of the business transactions. REQUIREMENTS FOR E-COMMERCE: Authentication PrivacyMessage Integrity Non-repudiation NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE FOR E-COMMERCE: Global information distribution networks are the infrastructure that are connecting countries and continents. Extranets, Intranets and the Internet, the above parties are spread over diverse locations, extranets use the internet as a network to reach out to these parties. A company typically has multiple dedicated extranets for different parties depending on information needs and nature of relationship. Extranets can sometimes also be seen as an extension of the company intranet or internal network where external parties are brought into the fold of the companys private network with access to specific areas or information. Internet This is  the world-wide network  of computers accessible to anyone who knows their Internet Protocol (IP) address the IP address is a unique set of numbers (such as 209.33.27.100) that defines the computers location. Intranet This is a network that is not available to the world outside of the Intranet. If the Intranet network is connected to the Internet, the Intranet will reside behind a firewall and, if it allows access from the Internet, will be an Extranet. The firewall helps to control access between the Intranet and Internet to permit access to the Intranet only to people who are members of the same company or organisation.   Extranet An Extranet is actually an Intranet that is partially accessible to authorised outsiders. The actual server (the computer that serves up the web pages) will reside behind a firewall. The firewall helps to control access between the Intranet and Internet permitting access to the Intranet only to people who are suitably authorised.   EXTRANET: An extranet is a private network that uses Internet protocols and the public telecommunication system to securely share part of a businesss information or operations with suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, or other businesses. An extranet can be viewed as part of a companys Intranet that is extended to users outside the company. The same benefits that Web technologies have brought to corporate Intranets are now starting to accelerate business between businesses. Extranets can be used to exchange large volumes of data, share product catalogues, share news with trading partners, collaborate with other companies on joint development efforts, jointly develop and share training programs with other companies, provide or access applications between companies, and much more. It may sound like a technology for geeks only. But many people use extranets every day without realizing itto track packaged goods, order products from their suppliers or access customer assistance from other companies. An extranet is a mechanism based on Internet and Web technology for communicating both privately and selectively with your customers and business partners. USES OF EXTRANET: When done correctly, extranets provide a safe way to allow transactional business-to-business activities and can save your company some serious time and money. The automotive industry uses extranets to cut down on its redundant ordering processes and keep suppliers up to date on parts and design changes, allowing quicker response times to suppliers problems and questions. Suppliers can receive proposals, submit bids, provide documents, even collect payments through an extranet site. An extranet has restricted (password-protected) access, so it may be connected directly to each partys internal systems. DISADVANTAGES: The benefits of extranets, such as reduced time to market and cost of doing business, and faster access to partner information, may be outweighed by the costs-security, Web servers and development, legacy systems integration, ongoing support and maintenance. Extranets require a large amount of IS time and energy, much more than what it takes to get an intranet or Web site up and running, which may place it at the bottom of the IS groups to-do list. CONCLUSION: A mix of each is most likely, Connect to partners, suppliers, customers in the best way that supports your specific business model. extranet is helpful conversationally when considering giving external parties access to enterprise systems. The term should engender a deeper level of consideration and concern regarding maintaining security and managing external relationships.

Solzhenitsyn and Truth Essays -- essays research papers

â€Å"In the struggle with falsehood art always did win and it always does win!† Alexander Solzhenitsyn, a Soviet dissident, espoused this philosophy to the Swedish Academy. He spoke of the power of art in combating the tyranny and lies of a corrupt government, and as a medium for evaluating society. He was at various times, a soldier in the Soviet army, a political prisoner of the Soviet state, a celebrity for his literary works, and an exile from all of Russia. His fiery philippic against Stalin landed him in prison for eight years; his account of prison life made him immensely popular during the de-Stalinization years of the early 1960’s, and he was deported for his most famous work, The Gulag Archipelago. He has become a symbol of the higher power of artists and writers who have the courage to fight the status quo.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alexander Solzhenitsyn was born to Cossack intellectuals in 1918, but was raised entirely by his mother, his father having died before he was born. He went on to major in mathematics at the University of Rostov-na-Donuand and he learned literature from correspondence courses at the Moscow State University. He fought in WWII, and became a captain of artillery, but was arrested in 1945 for writing a letter criticizing Josef Stalin’s totalitarian government. He spent eight years in a variety of labour and prison camps and three more years in enforced exile. After his release, he settled in central Russia where he wrote and taught mathemat...

Christian Teens :: essays research papers fc

Teens reflect a culture all of their own within American society. The language that they speak, music that they listen to, and many aspects of their lives differ from that of past generations (Linehan 3). Therefore, many people of older generations tend to make judgments and assumptions about teenagers. These assumptions are typically based on the manner in which teenagers speak, dress, and present themselves. Because of these generalizations, faith of many teens is commonly overlooked. In a society where violence seems to be accepted and many teens are lost about who they are, faith can be the one bond interlinking a group of many. Despite occurrences such as the shootings April 20, 1999 at Columbine High School, and other negative aspects surrounding teenagers’ lives, there are still many young people involved and/or seeking a life with faith in Christ. Although there are many instances of violence and hate in society today, one that shocked the nation more than most was the massacre at Columbine High School. Some people say that the boys’ families caused them to kill, some say it was other students, however there was also another ingredient... a lack of faith in their lives (Grace and Mitchell 58). In a world where many teenagers are surrounded by things such as materialism and discrimination many have the strength to maintain a spiritual life. However Klebold and Harris, the shooters at Columbine High School, had a loss of a sense of sin. They killed innocent people, one of whom was Cassie Bernall, a devout Christian. When a Columbine gunman asked Cassie Bernall if she believed in God, she allegedly replied, â€Å"Yes, and you should too.† Moments after hearing this reply, one of the gunmen put the gun to he head and took her life. Such a strong testament of her faith in Christ cost young Bernall her life (58). Because of this strong commitment, many consider Bernall a martyr of sorts, and say that she is a testament to their own faith (Grace and Mitchell 58). Many teens and younger youth have been greatly influenced by Bernall’s decision to stand up for her beliefs, this is a large encouragement to teens everywhere, especially because we live in a society where teens’ identifies are greatly challenged (59). Susan Teran is one student to whom Bernall’s act spoke out to. â€Å"If there were a shooter in my school,† says Teran, â€Å"I’d volunteer to sacrifice my life.

Evaluating the Importance of Women in Fitzgerald’s Great Gatsby

â€Å"While working on the Great Gatsby Fitzgerald acknowledged that the women characters are subordinate†¦Ã¢â‚¬  evaluate the importance of women in Fitzgerald’s Great Gatsby.The 1920’s were the foundation of the dramatic change to society, many people called it ‘The roaring twenties’. During this period many Americans were uneasy about their ‘consumer society’ and the new ‘mass culture’. Women were most affected by the roaring twenties, this new up rising of sexually free women with bobbed cuts and short skirts, drinking and smoking landed them the nickname ‘flappers’. Women had now been given the right to vote and had new high status jobs.Machinery took over their household work and new birth control methods were inhibiting them to have fewer children. Women were constantly fighting in this age to be noticed and with people like Fitzgerald who created these characters with â€Å"no important woman characterà ¢â‚¬  (qtd. In Turnbull 197) they had no hope of the freedom and status they wanted.The faceless women at Jay Gatsby’s parties were the perfect representation of what they call ‘flappers’. These women were at these parties purely because they were free, free from the war â€Å" I was one of the few guests who had actually been invited. People were not invited-they went there.†This shows how people in this period would just go to any party they could and not one of them were concerned in the slightest about the sources of Gatsby’s wealth. These parties needed women, they required female energy and I am sure that the â€Å"number of young Englishmen dotted about;† would have no participation at this party without the women.The women at these parties were the perfect stereotype of male perspectives â€Å"I never care what I do, so I always have a good time.† This shows how women were seen as ‘loose’ and ‘unladylikeâ₠¬â„¢ as they would do what they pleased even if it wasn’t the ‘correct’ way to act, they had complete lack of ethical concern.Although women believed that they were purely independent they clearly weren’t â€Å"girls were putting their heads on men’s shoulders in a puppyish. Convivial way.† they were utterly unaware of the objectification men had towards them and put on this perception of being entirely free â€Å"they are emancipated yet they contribute their share of vulgarity which appalls Daisy.† (Ivan Strba) this  shows how Fitzgerald judges these ‘faceless’ women through characters, even through the same gender, which is loaded with irony.Myrtle Wilson’s inclusion in the novel is to represent the lower class of women who thrived for the freedom and wealth of the upper class and do anything in their power to do so. Myrtle’s constant interference with the marriage of Tom and Daisy Buchanan, â€Å"she i s introduced into the novel by her telephone call, which disturbs the urbane surface of Daisy’s dinner party†(Ivan Strba) this is the first evidence where she is portrayed as lower class and looked down on by other women characters in the book â€Å"Tom’s got some women in New York†.Who hasn’t â€Å"the decency not to disturb at dinner†. This shows how women who were of lower class didn’t know right from wrong and weren’t taught social morals. Nick also judges her for her status â€Å"her lower class pretensions appear comical to Nick because he judges them from a position of social superiority, but her overt sexuality impresses him†(Ivan Strba) this also shows how Myrtle doesn’t hide her sexual desire for Tom and is very open in the way she is.Myrtle is always fighting for her place â€Å"Her flower name suggests a fleshy yet beautiful climbing plant vigorously moving upwards.†(Ivan Strba) this is the perfe ct representation of Myrtle as she is a ‘climbing plant’ doesn’t have the ability to climb, this is a symbolism for her trying to climb ‘vigorously’ up the social ladder to the upper class. There is always something holding her back, which is background, where she lives ‘the valley of ashes’. The valley of ashes is a â€Å"gigantic trash burning operation†(Litkicks mystery spot series). It was the road between Great Neck and Manhattan. It is where myrtle’s husband George runs a decrepit auto garage.This is also where Myrtle is murdered, she is still seen as a sexual object through her injuries â€Å"left breast was swinging loose like a flap† â€Å"the mouth was wide open and ripped at the corners† it also shows how she never belonged in the higher social class with the imagery â€Å"mingled her thick, dark blood with the dust† this implies that is was wrong what she was trying to do with Tom and how it would of always ended badly as she was stuck in this fantasy.Myrtle always felt like her and Tom were going to end up together â€Å"get married to each other right away† where as Tom always  thought of her as nothing more than an object â€Å"since her social status is simply unworthy of any more profound engagement†(Ivan Strba) even though Myrtle knows this she is still constantly luring him in, even though he has made up a stupid lie that he cannot leave Daisy because she is catholic she still has some sort of hope that one day he will think of her as more than just a mistress.You could also argue that she is in it purely for the money and has no intention of a relationship with Tom, Ivan Strba touches on this subject â€Å"constantly attempts to lure Tom into her womb† this could be a symbolism of pregnancy where Myrtle knows if she were to get pregnant Tom would give all the money he had to make sure that, that baby would have no link back to him, theref ore she would get what she wants.Jordan Baker’s slight masculinity and indifferent personality is the representation of the small percentage of women who were strong enough to stand on their own and didn’t rely on the security of men for wealth and social class. Underneath Jordan’s bitchy hysteria she is extremely vulnerable, she constantly has this front that she doesn’t need anyone to protect her. Jordan barely even acknowledges men, for example the first time she meets Nick she pretends she doesn’t care is â€Å"almost imperceptibly† but she does secretly â€Å"lips fluttered†.This is evidence that she doesn’t give much away to people â€Å"completely emotionless†, especially men as she doesn’t want to destroy this veneer of survival which has an element of tragedy as you feel sympathy for the character as to what could of made her this way. Jordan is described as self-sufficient â€Å"distancing from any emot ional entanglement†(Ivan Strba), which reflects her relationship with Nick, or lack of one for that matter as Nick’s opinion of her changes instantly as he finds out she cheated to win a golf tournament â€Å"Dishonesty in a woman is a thing you never blame deeply—I was casually sorry, and then I forgot.† This is the first of many lies Jordan tells, this portrays that Jordan feels as though she has to lie to ‘play the game’ she cant be seen as a woman who is sweet and innocent or it will ruin this image that she has created for herself.By playing with Nicks feelings she is showing authority of the character and not letting him take control this is why she is with Nick because he is vulnerable compared to other characters such as; Tom or Gatsby, as he doesn’t have as much money as them, â€Å"Nick also judges that she  avoids relationships with clever men that might see through her†(Ivan Strba) and has a lower status, therefore she knows he wont have power over her.Jordan is the perfect example of ‘new women’ and the freedom they claimed after the World War, and with characters like Nick who â€Å"simply does not know quite how to handle this cool, unbalanced independent woman of the 1920’s†(Ivan Strba) they allow women to play with their feelings.Daisy Buchanan is objectified by several men and is not resistant to the objectification. With her lack of personality and beautiful looks, she has lost all identity through the desire for the veneer of glamour and wealth. The character of Daisy is made up of this image that everyone else has of her â€Å"exists only as a fragile veneer, a shinning radiance of Gatsby’s construction.The centerpiece of Tom’s wealth†(Ivan Strba) she is constantly being refereed to objects rather than a person, a ‘center piece’ is the idle way to describe her, as they are pretty to look at, but there is nothing to them, the y are simply there to look good. Daisy has no identity and tends to hide behind the men, especially Gatsby and Tom. Daisy’s love for Gatsby is uncertain, this makes her a dislikable character as it creates frustration for the reader, as she doesn’t have nerve or the sprit to pursue it.You could say that Daisy is scared to be with Gatsby as he is from West Egg, which was seen as the place of ‘new money’ this could bring her doubt as she wouldn’t want to risk the life style she has now as Gatsby’s money is ‘new’, whereas East Egg was almost like certain money, from inheritance etc. Also Tom places doubt in her head about Gatsby’s money â€Å"certainly not for a common swindler who’d have to steal the ring he out on her finger†, this could most definitely influence Daisy’s hesitance towards the life with Gatsby as she just wants a life for herself.The love between The Buchanan’s can be seen as â₠¬Ëœsuperficial’, â€Å"a love that was established for legal means†(Min Jae hogsheadgastby.blogspot) but then turned into something more real between the couple, although adultery appears in both characters, there is something there that I stopping either one from leaving, it could be love or it could be to maintain his veneer of happiness through wealth and social class. They are seen as what society wanted, ‘happily’ married, with money what many people called ‘the American dream’.Gatsby is the ultimate sacrifice for Daisy, she is the one who causes his death and she  doesn’t even have the decency to go to his funeral leaving was Daisy’s ‘scapegoat’, which shows the lack of ‘back bone’ she has, and she just runs away when things get bad â€Å"she and Tom had gone away early that afternoon† It's simply symbolic of the fleetingness of wealth during the time period.Overall I think that the women are important in the novel, as the men wouldn’t be who they are without the women, they may not be the most important but the novel needed females in order for it to work. It is good representation of the changes in the roles women had in the 1920’s and also the different personalities the women had and Fitzgerald portrayed this well through the female characters.

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Final Essay Essay

Many people view character as the most important thing in a man. Others often look past this and see their social or economic status as deciding who they are. They think these things are what define a person. In reality it is things like ingenuity, free will, and morality that make a great man. In contrast such characteristics like hypocrisy, greed, and cruelty are what bring someone down. Through his novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain displays the characteristics of a man he admires, and those he is contemptuous of through the actions of his characters. One admirable characteristic Twain shows is Ingenuity. Like most positive qualities in the novel this is shown through the main character Huck. He displays great ingenuity when he is being held by his father in the cabin. Being able to escape showed much of this trait, but Huck took it one step further. He knew his father would be able to track him very easily if he just left and ran off into the woods. By taking an axe to the front door and spreading the pig’s blood around made it seem as if Huck had been murdered. He also took many items from the cabin to fake a robbery as well. Up to this point in the book Huck is shown as being very child-like, and immature. After this incident though, the readers become aware of his resourcefulness and ingenuity. Another example of this characteristic is shown through Jim. This is another character that Twain wants his readers to identify with as being admirable. He shows ingenuity by suggesting to Huck he should dress as a female to gain information in the town. Although Huck fails to convince the women he meets for then entire time, it is because of his own slip up, and he still gets the information he needs. Free Will is something Twain does not take for granted in every person. In the novel he shows right from the beginning how much free will a character like Huck can have. On the first page of the book he says: â€Å"The Widow Douglas she took me for her son, and allowed she would sivilize me; but it was rough living in the house all the time, considering how dismal regular and decent the widow was in all her ways; and so when I couldn’t stand it no longer I lit out† Although it seems like a normal thing for a thirteen year old boy to say we soon realize that Huck has made this decision based on some rather mature observations. Although he eventually goes back to the Widow, it isn’t long before he is on the raft and the island, escaping the â€Å"sivilized† world. Twain’s views here are obviously that this sort of free will is what makes people individuals. Another characteristic in the novel is morality. The main display of this is shown through Huck at the end of the novel when he has a big decision on his hands. â€Å"I was a-trembling, because I’d got to decide, forever, betwixt two things, and I knowed it. I studied a minute, sort of holding my breath, and then says to myself: â€Å"All right then, I’ll go to hell†? and tore it up† He forced to choose between tearing up his letter to Miss Watson and freeing the slave Jim, and sending the letter, telling her of his whereabouts. This choice wasn’t about getting caught or not, it was about morals. At the time it was considered morally wrong to help free a slave. Huck realized this, but also thought about the time he spent with Jim, and the friendship they had acquired. Twain clearly shows us through the actions of Jim in the whole novel that he feels slavery is wrong. So in choosing to help free his black friend, and go to hell if that be the consequence, Huck shows us his high morality. As well as admirable traits, Twain also uses The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn to display traits he is contemptuous of. It is clear which of these traits were thought of as good and bad by looking at which character displays them. In the case of Huck and Jim only characteristics in which Twain was fond of are shown. In contrast the characters who show the opposite traits are those of the antagonist type. The first of these is antagonist traits is hypocrisy. It is shown in the form of the robbers on the river boat. Obviously these characters do not display any virtuous traits, and are quite hypocritical when they say â€Å"†Ã¢â‚¬ËœSee? He’ll be drownded, and won’t have nobody to blame for it but his own self. I reckon that’s a considerable sight better’n killin’ of him. I’m unfavorable to killin’ a man as long as you can git aroun’ it; it ain’t good sense, it ain’t good morals. Ain’t I right? ‘† We do not have to look to deep into this to find that they simply trying to justify their actions, when really all they have accomplished is condemning them. Another trait Twain finds equally disreputable is greed. This is shown mainly through the King and Duke who will stop at nothing to sap money from the unknowing people. The Last quality is Cruelty. This is shown through the worst of the characters, Pap. He ruthlessly beats his son Huck and goes on drunken rages throughout the whole book. In a time of much hate and racism Mark Twain used his novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn to show what characteristics make a virtuous person, and which ones make the opposite. He showed traits such as ingenuity, free will, and morality through his protagonists, and hypocrisy, greed, and cruelty through his antagonists. This way the reader not only identifies with the character they are fond or not fond of, but the traits that that they display as well. Twain proves that it is not what a man has that defines him, but who he is.